Title
Improving the Environmental Impact Statement System
Law
Executive Order No. 291
Decision Date
Jan 12, 1996
Executive Order No. 291 in the Philippines establishes an Environmental Impact Statement System to promote sustainable development and minimize adverse environmental impacts, requiring project proponents to conduct environmental impact studies and feasibility studies, and the establishment of in-house environmental units in implementing agencies, corporations, and institutions.

Policy: sustainable development without delay

  • Section 1 declares it is the policy of the State that optimum economic development shall be achieved without delay.
  • Section 1 requires that development be pursued consistent with the principles of sustainable development.
  • Section 1 directs the State to ensure that the present generation meets its needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Simultaneous EIS and feasibility study

  • Section 2 directs project proponents to simultaneously conduct the environmental impact study and the feasibility study of the proposed project.
  • Section 2 instructs proponents to use the simultaneous conduct as a planning tool.
  • Section 2 states the planning objective is to minimize or manage adverse environmental impacts of the proposed activity.

Environmental Units in implementing agencies

  • Section 3 links the requirement and encouragement for Environmental Units to Section 4 (Environmental Impact Statements) of PD 1151 (Section 4, PD 1151).
  • Section 3 states that, upon approval of the Department of Budget and Management, National Government agencies, GOCCs, and GFIs are encouraged to create their respective environmental units (EUs).
  • Section 3 mandates that all agencies whose mandate includes the introduction of physical plants and infrastructure are required to create their respective EUs.
  • Section 3 requires that the costs of establishing the EUs must be within the respective approved budgetary ceilings of the concerned agencies, corporations, and institutions.

Functions of Environmental Units

  • Section 3 assigns the EUs of national government agencies and GOCCs to assist in the preparation of EIS.
  • Section 3 requires the EUs of national government agencies and GOCCs to ensure that their respective agencies/GOCCs meet the procedural requirements of the EIS System.
  • Section 3 requires the EUs of national government agencies and GOCCs to facilitate the securing of the ECCs of their respective projects.
  • Section 3 directs that, upon securing the ECC, the EUs of national government agencies and GOCCs must ensure project compliance with the conditions of the ECC.
  • Section 3 assigns the EUs of GFIs to ensure that loan or related funding applications of government and private institutions have complied with the EIS System.

Role of DENR and EMB

  • Section 3 directs the DENR and the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) to monitor compliance with the ECC.
  • Section 3 states that DENR and EMB are in-charge of the formulation, dissemination and enforcement of policies on environmental standards and compliance monitoring.
  • Section 3 ties ECC monitoring to the project compliance obligations that EUs must ensure after ECC issuance.

Strengthening DENR-EMB EIS review capability

  • Section 4 requires continuing efforts to upgrade DENR-EMB’s and DENR Regional Offices’ capabilities for fast and efficient review of EIS.
  • Section 4 includes efforts such as expansion of the EIA Review Committee members.
  • Section 4 requires setting their honoraria within the limits and qualifications set by DBM National Compensation Circulars.

Repealing clause and consistency

  • Section 5 repeals or amends all orders, issuances, circulars, rules and regulations or portions thereof that are inconsistent with Executive Order No. 291.
  • Section 5 ensures that only inconsistent portions are repealed or amended, preserving consistent rules and issuances.

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