Title
Prohibition and restriction of nepotism practices
Law
Executive Order No. 111
Decision Date
Aug 13, 1937
Manuel L. Quezon's Executive Order No. 111 prohibits nepotism in government appointments, barring the hiring of relatives within three degrees of consanguinity or affinity to ensure efficient public service and morale.

Questions (EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 111)

To promote an efficient administration and improve the morale of the public service by prohibiting and restricting the practice of nepotism in government appointments.

It prohibits all appointments in national, provincial, and municipal governments (and any branch or instrumentality) made in favor of a relative of the appointing authority or of the person exercising immediate supervision over him, whether in the classified or unclassified service.

Yes. The prohibition covers appointments whether in the classified or unclassified service.

No other member of such family shall be eligible for appointment to any position in the same office or bureau.

“Relative” and “members of the family” are those related within the third degree either of consanguinity or of affinity.

It includes both: relatives of the appointing authority and relatives of the person exercising immediate supervision over him.

Persons employed in a confidential capacity, teachers, physicians, or members of the Army.

In each particular instance, full report of the appointment must be made to the President.

Cases of previous appointments in contravention must be corrected by transfer.

Pending transfer, no promotion shall be allowed in favor of the relative occupying a subordinate position, or in favor of anyone of the members of the same family in a bureau or office.

In exceptional cases where applying the rule would impair the efficiency of the service or produce a patent injustice, with approval of the Commissioner of Civil Service.

The Commissioner of Civil Service.

It applies to appointments in national, provincial and municipal governments or in any branch and instrumentality thereof.

Affinity refers to relationships created by marriage; Executive Order No. 111 covers relatives related within the third degree of affinity (in addition to consanguinity).

Once two or more members of the same family are already employed in one bureau/office, further appointments to any position in that bureau/office for other family members are barred.

No. The prohibition covers appointments made in favor of a relative of the person exercising immediate supervision over the appointee, even if the appointing authority is not related.


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