QuestionsQuestions (Republic Act No. 10172)
It aims to achieve a more speedy administration of justice during the emergency by abolishing the Court of Appeals, so that cases previously appealable thereto can be appealed directly to the Supreme Court.
The President cited powers vested by the Constitution and the laws of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, particularly Commonwealth Act No. 671.
The Court of Appeals was created and established under Commonwealth Act No. 3, as amended.
It is abolished—“as it is hereby abolished”—meaning it ceases to exist as an appellate court.
They must be transmitted to the Supreme Court for final decision.
From the date of the Order itself (i.e., starting immediately after March 10, 1945, unless otherwise specified).
It covers both: it addresses pending cases previously appealed to the Court of Appeals and also future cases that are appealable to the Court of Appeals under then-existing law.
It grants the Supreme Court jurisdiction to finally decide cases that, under the law, would have been appealable to the abolished Court of Appeals.
All provisions of law in conflict with or contrary to the Order are repealed.
It is a self-executing abolition clause—confirming that the Court of Appeals ceases to exist by the mere effect of the Order.
The need for a more speedy administration of justice and the practical need to reduce government expenses during the emergency.
It removes the Court of Appeals from the process and allows direct appeal to the Supreme Court for final decision.
It implies a transfer of authority: the Supreme Court takes over those cases for final decision.
It was issued on March 10, 1945 in the City of Manila.
It was signed by Sergio Osmeña (President) and countersigned by Jose S. Reyes, Secretary to the President.
(a) Section (1) addresses abolition; (b) Section (2) addresses pending cases already appealed to the Court of Appeals; (c) Section (3) addresses future cases to be appealed directly to the Supreme Court.