Title
City of Batangas vs. Tolentino
Case
G.R. No. 228489
Decision Date
May 5, 2021
Batangas City updated real property values via Ordinance No. 20 (2013). Residents challenged it, claiming lack of notice and excessive rates. Courts ruled it a valid tax ordinance, upholding procedural compliance and presumption of regularity.

Case Summary (G.R. No. 241257)

Overview of the Case

The case revolves around the validity of City Ordinance No. 20 series of 2013 enacted by the Sangguniang Panlungsod of Batangas. This ordinance provided for a city code concerning the appraisal and assessment of real properties for taxation purposes. Respondent Tolentino contended that the ordinance was unconstitutional, primarily arguing that it violated the due process requirement regarding notice provisions for public hearings, as outlined in the Local Government Code.

Procedural History

Upon enactment, the ordinance underwent a public hearing process, during which Jose Virgilio Y. Tolentino and other stakeholders, including the then-Secretary of Justice, opposed the ordinance for its perceived excessive valuations. Following its adoption and publication, Tolentino appealed to the Secretary of Justice, who subsequently ruled the ordinance void for failing to comply with mandatory notice requirements. This decision was affirmed by the Court of Appeals, leading the petitioners to appeal to the Supreme Court.

Legal Analysis of the Ordinance

The Supreme Court evaluated whether City Ordinance No. 20 constituted a tax ordinance, thus invoking specific procedural requirements under Sections 186 and 223 of the Local Government Code and Article 276 of its Implementing Rules. The Court concluded that the ordinance indeed served a fiscal purpose by establishing revised property values for tax assessments, thereby categorizing it as a tax ordinance.

Requirements for Legislative Validity

The Court emphasized that legislative acts, including local ordinances, are presumed valid unless clear evidence of their invalidity is presented. In this case, petitioners asserted compliance with procedural requirements, having conducted public hearings and provided ample notice to stakeholders. The Secretary of Justice’s and Court of Appeals’ findings suggested otherwise, declaring the ordinance invalid, which sparked the petitioners’ contention regarding the burden of proof.

Examination of Notice Requirements

The core issue was whether the specific notice requirements under the statutory framework applied. The Supreme Court distinguished between general local taxation and measures specifically aimed at general revision of property values, concluding that the latter does not require the same public hearing protocol as ordinary taxation ordinances. This was validated by existing law

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