Title
Angeles vs. Bucad
Case
G.R. No. 196249
Decision Date
Jul 21, 2014
Restaurant owners Rose Hana and Zenaida Angeles faced labor complaints from employees alleging illegal dismissal, underpayment, and lack of benefits. Courts ruled in favor of employees, affirming illegal dismissal and unpaid claims due to insufficient proof of payment and improper deductions.

Case Summary (G.R. No. 196249)

Factual Antecedents

The respondents filed complaints alleging illegal dismissal along with multiple claims for unpaid wages and benefits. They accused the petitioners of paying salaries below the minimum wage, failing to enroll them in the Social Security System, terminating their employment without just cause, and enforcing unreasonable working hours, among other grievances. The Labor Arbiter ruled in favor of the respondents, citing unlawful termination and awarded back wages and other monetary claims to various employees. The petitioners contested the ruling, claiming a lack of due process as their previous counsel failed to present a defense.

Ruling of the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC)

The NLRC upheld the Labor Arbiter's decision, stating that the petitioners could not substantiate their claims against the respondents. It highlighted that the petitioners failed to provide evidence of salary payment and did not show compliance with the legal requirements for deducting facility values from wages. The NLRC confirmed the determination that the respondents were terminated without just cause and deserved back wages and separation pay.

Ruling of the Court of Appeals

Upon appeal by the respondents, the Court of Appeals affirmed the NLRC's ruling with modifications. It vacated the decisions regarding Ma. Gina Benitez and Demetrio Berdin, Jr., determining that they voluntarily abandoned their employment. The Court found that the petitioners did not provide sufficient evidence to counter the claims regarding the remaining respondents and upheld the award of money claims.

Issues Raised by Petitioners

The petitioners sought a reversal of the Court of Appeals' decision on the grounds that it erroneously concluded that Joel Ducusin was illegally terminated and failed to demonstrate that the claims for unpaid wages had been settled. They asserted that Ducusin abandoned his employment and that their documentary evidence should have been sufficient to show payment.

Petitioners' Arguments

In their appeal, the petitioners contended that Ducusin's non-attendance constituted abandonment of employment. They also claimed that they had compensatory documentation—such as payroll records and receipts—that proved the respondents were paid their due wages. They argued that the lower courts failed to appreciate the evidence that was available to them.

Respondents' Arguments

The respondents maintained that the petitioners did not adequately refute arguments regarding Ducusin’s illegal termination, and they insisted that the petitioners failed to meet their burden of proof concerning the monetary claims. They emphasized that the petition to the Supreme Court merely sought a re-evaluation of facts, which is beyond the scope of the Court’s review.

The Court's Ruling

The Supreme Court affirmed the decisi

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