Senate Concurrence and Reservation
- Philippine Senate gave its concurrence through Resolution No. 47 on April 14, 1948.
- Included a reservation ensuring that nothing in the Treaty shall affect or alter Philippine laws prohibiting or regulating aliens' rights.
- Specifically preserves existing constitutional provisions and statutes regarding aliens’ rights on:
- Acquisition, possession, and disposition of movable and immovable property.
- Establishment and maintenance of schools.
- Residency and travel.
- Engagement in trade, industry, and other pursuits.
Ratification and Interpretation
- The Treaty was ratified and confirmed by the President of the Philippines.
- Ratification was subject to interpretation clarified through an exchange of notes dated April 7 and April 12, 1948.
- Philippine Government’s interpretation aligns with the Senate’s reservations.
Ratification by Spanish Government and Entry into Force
- The Spanish State likewise ratified the Treaty.
- Instruments of ratification were exchanged on July 25, 1948, in Manila.
- The Treaty came into force upon this exchange of ratification instruments.
Official Publication and Implementation
- President Elpidio Quirino caused the Treaty and related documents to be made public on January 4, 1949.
- Publicizing the Treaty aims to ensure faithful observance and fulfillment of its provisions by the Philippine government and citizens.
Legal Significance
- Affirms the Republic of the Philippines’ commitment to the Treaty in good faith.
- Implements international obligations while safeguarding domestic laws on aliens.
- Reflects respect for national sovereignty alongside fostering bilateral friendship and cooperation.
Formal Proclamation
- Signed by President Elpidio Quirino with the affixing of the seal of the Republic of the Philippines.
- Document dated January 4, 1949, Manila, marking the third year of Philippine Independence.