Law Summary
Customs Duties on Imports and Exports
- Duties collected on all imported goods per specified rates unless exempt.
- Export duties apply only to specific Philippine products as detailed in the Act.
Customs Rules for Textile Classification and Duty Assessment
- Number of threads in textiles is determined per 6 mm square using a thread counter.
- Distinction between warp (longitudinal threads) and weft (cross threads).
- Textile classification depends on the composition and proportion of fibers (cotton, wool, silk, vegetable fibers).
- Mixtures of fibers incur surtaxes based on highest taxed materials present.
- Special rules govern knitted fabrics, ribbons, and trimmings.
- Surtaxes apply for broche, embroidery, metal threads, and made-up textile articles.
- If thread count is uncertain, textiles are subjected to highest duty applicable.
Duty Classification for Non-Enumerated and Composite Articles
- Articles not listed are classified as resembling those specified.
- Composite articles are dutiable based on the component determining value.
- Highest applicable duty rate prevails if multiple rates apply.
Duties on Packing, Packages, and Receptacles
- Exterior packing usually dutiable unless goods are dutiable by gross weight or ad valorem.
- Dutiable weight includes all interior receptacles but excludes exterior covering when assessed by net weight.
- Mixed goods in one package are assessed proportionally.
- Collector may prescribe estimated weights for customary packaging.
Prohibited Importations
- Prohibited: explosives (dynamite, gunpowder), firearms (without authorization), obscene printed matter, gambling devices.
Duty Payment and Currency
- Duties paid in US currency; certain Philippine coins accepted at fixed exchange rates.
Weights, Measures, and Applicability
- Metric system used for weights and measures; conversion to imperial units provided.
- No duties on internal Philippine transport of goods.
Detailed Tariff Schedule
- Covers a comprehensive list of classes and groups including stones and earths, metals, chemical products, textiles, vegetable and animal products, instruments, machinery, alimentary substances, miscellaneous.
- Each group and item have corresponding duties specified by weight or ad valorem percentage.
- Textiles are heavily regulated with surtaxes for composition and finishing.
Articles Free of Duty
- Includes mineral waters, plants, ores, certain samples, Philippine articles exported and returned unchanged, precious metals in specified forms, fresh produce, certain artistic and educational materials.
- Specific provisos apply for exemption on imports for government use, travelers’ personal effects, and public exhibitions.
Export Duties
- Specific products like abaca, indigo, rice, sugar, coconuts, and tobacco have prescribed export duties by weight.
- Certification of origin may be required for raw tobacco.
Tonnage Dues and Wharf Charges
- Vessels pay tonnage dues upon entry, with exemptions for government or foreign non-trading ships, distress vessels, and certain yachts.
- Wharf charges imposed upon exported goods per weight.
- Government imports are exempt from wharf charges.
Reimportation and Special Exemptions
- Philippine goods reimported due to non-sale are exempt if accompanied by certification.
- Specific returned articles such as paintings, books, coins, and exhibition items may be duty-free.
Repeal and Effectivity
- Previous inconsistent laws repealed upon Act’s effectivity.
- Legal cases pending are not affected.
- Official tariff indexes and repertoires are non-binding aids.
- Act takes effect November 15, 1901.