Title
Reorganization of Local Police Forces EO 156
Law
Executive Order No. 156
Decision Date
Aug 1, 1938
Manuel L. Quezon's Executive Order No. 156 mandates the reorganization and efficient administration of local police forces, placing responsibility on provincial governors and mayors for law enforcement, while establishing oversight by the Philippine Constabulary to ensure impartiality and discipline.
A

Philippine Constabulary's Supervisory Role

  • Philippine Constabulary ensures local police bodies operate efficiently and laws are enforced impartially.
  • District inspectors maintain constant oversight of local police forces.
  • Provincial inspectors inspect all local police operations within their jurisdiction focusing on law enforcement efficiency and integrity.
  • Inspections are ongoing inquiries rather than strictly scheduled.
  • Provincial inspectors can correct minor defects, report serious issues to the Chief of Constabulary, and notify mayors and governors.

Vetting and Appointment Procedures for Local Police

  • Existing local police without Civil Service appointments must undergo review for competency and physical fitness.
  • Boards, convened by mayors or governors with Constabulary officers, evaluate police members and chiefs, allowing for due process.
  • Boards recommend retention or dismissal, forwarding decisions to the President for final approval.
  • Future appointments and promotions must comply with Civil Service rules, approved by the President pending further designation.
  • Commissioner of Civil Service announces examinations for police positions, which require Philippine citizenship, age 21-40, moral conduct, physical qualifications, and minimum educational attainment (high school or intermediate level).
  • Preference given to those with military trainee instruction or honorable military discharge.
  • No positions or salaries can be abolished or reduced without presidential approval.

Suspension, Investigation, and Removal of Police Personnel

  • Provincial governors and city/municipal mayors can suspend police officers for serious offenses witnessed or reported immediately.
  • Accused police officers must be suspended immediately upon felony charges filed in court.
  • Administrative complaints or suspensions are investigated by provincial inspectors; suspension may be requested during investigation.
  • Specific procedures continue for Manila police.
  • Suspended officers are reinstated after 30 days if no decision is rendered, pending case outcome.
  • Investigation records are submitted to the Commissioner of Civil Service whose decisions are final.
  • Vacant positions due to suspension cannot be filled without presidential authority.
  • Removal of police personnel is governed by Executive Order No. 39, series of 1936, after reorganization.

Interim Police Rules and Regulations

  • Existing State Police internal rules and discipline procedures remain effective until new police rules and regulations under Commonwealth Act No. 343 are approved.
  • Such existing rules must not conflict with Commonwealth Act No. 343, Executive Order No. 153, or this Executive Order.

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