Promotion of Reserve Officers on Inactive Status
- Eligibility requires a vacancy in the peacetime procurement objectives for grades Major and above.
- Minimum time-in-grade requirements range from 3 years as second lieutenant up to 7 years as lieutenant colonel, varying by grade.
- Twenty-one days of active duty training or an equivalent prescribed by the Chief of Staff, with possible waiver.
- Officers are credited with at least the same time in grade as junior officers for promotion purposes.
Promotion of Reserve Officers on Extended Active Duty (Six Months or More)
- Such officers are promoted per laws governing Regular officers, counting both active and inactive service for length-of-service requirements.
- They must be promoted if junior officers on inactive status are promoted.
- Excess officers resulting from promotions may be appointed to a lower temporary grade for active duty, retaining their permanent inactive grade.
- If serving in a lower temporary grade, no other officers can be called or promoted to their permanent grade concurrently.
Readjustment of Pre-War Grades
- Officers with prewar grades not yet adjusted may have grades readjusted up to two grades above their 1941 permanent grades.
- Adjustments follow policies similar to those established in 1948.
- Excess officers caused by readjustment while on extended active duty may be assigned to lower temporary grades as necessary.
Separation Methods of Reserve Officers
- Separation from the Reserve Force occurs by death, resignation, discharge, forfeiture, dismissal, or dropping from the rolls.
Reporting Deaths
- Deaths of officers on active duty are reported as for Regular officers.
- Deaths of officers on inactive status are reported by the military area commander with detailed information, including next of kin.
- Military personnel are encouraged to report deaths of inactive Reserve officers if not otherwise reported.
Resignation Procedures
- Resignations must be unconditional, stated in letter form with reasons, and forwarded through military channels.
- Resignations during war or grave emergency states are deferred for six months after cessation.
Discharge of Reserve Officers
- The President may discharge officers at discretion.
- Grounds include misconduct, inefficiency, or other unfitness, handled via investigations and proceedings analogous to Regular officers for extended active duty.
- Inactive officers’ fitness inquiries are conducted by relevant Area Commanders with opportunity for hearings before a board including Reserve officers.
- Discharge may also be recommended for officers unlocatable after reasonable effort or who fail to respond to official communications.
Forfeiture of Appointment
- Automatic forfeiture occurs upon final conviction for crimes involving moral turpitude, entry into foreign military service, or loss of Philippine citizenship.
Dismissal and Dropping from the Rolls
- Dismissals in peacetime require a court-martial sentence.
- Officers may be dropped from rolls only while on active duty, pursuant to Article of War 117.
Supersession Clause
- This Order supersedes Executive Order No. 213 (1939) except when preserving relative seniority as provided.
Authority and Implementation
- Issued under authority of the President, Carlos P. Garcia, with the Executive Secretary Fortunato De Leon, effective July 24, 1957.