Title
Birth and Death Registration Law, Philippines
Law
Presidential Decree No. 651
Decision Date
Jan 31, 1975
Presidential Decree No. 651 requires the registration of births and deaths in the Philippines to address under-registration and promote the health and social conditions of the people, with non-compliance resulting in penalties, while also making the presentation of a birth certificate necessary for school enrollment and tax exemption for dependents.

Law Summary

Registration of Births (Section 1)

  • All babies born within the specified period must be registered.
  • Applies regardless of parents' nationality, residence status, or beliefs.
  • Responsibility to report lies primarily on attending medical personnel or institution.
  • In their absence, parents, family members, relatives, or persons aware of the birth may report.
  • Report must be accompanied by an affidavit explaining delayed registration.

Time Frame for Birth Registration (Section 2)

  • Delayed registrations (for births before decree effectivity) must be done within 60 days of the decree’s effectivity without penalty.
  • Births occurring after effectivity require registration within 30 days.
  • Liability for failure to register is joint among attending personnel and responsible familial parties.
  • If no attending personnel, responsibility falls on parents or responsible family member.

Proof of Birth Registration Requirement (Section 3)

  • Starting in 1975, a birth certificate is mandatory for first-grade school enrollment.
  • Required for claiming dependent tax exemptions under the National Internal Revenue Code.

Registration of Deaths (Section 4)

  • All deaths within the period must be reported to local health officer for registration with the local civil registrar.
  • Applicability regardless of the deceased's nationality or residency status.
  • Reporting ideally by attending physician, otherwise by nearest relative or knowledgeable person.
  • Must accompany an affidavit explaining delayed registration.

Timeline and Procedure for Death Registration (Section 5)

  • Delayed death registrations must be completed within 60 days from the decree’s effective date without penalty.
  • Deaths after decree effect must be reported within 48 hours to local health officer.
  • Attending physicians must issue death certificates within 48 hours; the local health officer orders registration within 30 days.
  • In absence of physician, nearest relative or knowledgeable person reports death.

Fees and Charges (Section 6)

  • No fees for registration of births or deaths within prescribed period.
  • Certification fees apply for issuance of certified copies or transcripts as per existing laws.

Role of Local Officials (Section 7)

  • Barrio captains and barangay chairmen must disseminate information on this decree.
  • They are tasked to assist in ensuring full registration coverage within their areas.

Authority to Implement (Section 8)

  • The Civil Registrar General is empowered to issue necessary rules, regulations, orders, or circulars to enforce the decree.

Penalties for Non-compliance (Section 9)

  • Fines between P500 and P1,000 and/or imprisonment of 3 to 6 months for:
    • Failure to report births or deaths as required.
    • Submission of false information.
    • Violation of implementing rules and regulations.
    • Failure of local public health officers to perform their duties under the decree.

Repealing Clause (Section 10)

  • All inconsistent laws, ordinances, rules, and regulations are repealed or modified accordingly.

Effectivity (Section 11)

  • The decree takes effect 45 days after its approval on January 31, 1975.

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