Title
Voting and Canvass in Barangays
Law
Presidential Decree No. 229[*]
Decision Date
Jun 28, 1973
Presidential Decree No. 229 governs the voting and canvassing of votes in barangays in the Philippines, outlining the process for holding general meetings, appointing referendum committees, and designating voting centers, while also prohibiting certain acts and establishing the jurisdiction and powers of municipal or city courts.
A

Convening General Meetings in Barangays

  • The barrio captain or barangay head must convene general meetings to inform members about upcoming referendums/consultations.
  • Meetings are to discuss the issues fully and constructively.
  • Multiple meetings may be called at the discretion of the barrio/ barangay head.

Barangay Referendum Committee Composition and Appointment

  • COMELEC appoints a referendum committee at least 10 days before voting.
  • Committee members: a COMELEC representative (chairman), a barangay council member, and a public schoolteacher in the barangay.
  • Substitutions allowed if any member is unavailable.
  • Public schoolteachers serving as committee members vote in their respective barangay centers.

Designation of Barangay Voting Centers

  • COMELEC designates one or more barangay centers as polling places 10 days before voting.
  • Preferably barrio halls or public buildings.
  • More than six hundred registered voters allow multiple centers for ease of voting.

Role and Powers of Observers

  • COMELEC may appoint up to five barangay members as observers per barangay center.
  • Powers include:
    • Notifying the committee chairman of any irregularities.
    • Reporting violations to election registrar.
    • Assisting the committee in orderliness as directed.

Qualifications and Procedures for Voting

  • All registered barangay members physically present on voting day may vote.
  • Individuals omitted from the list may vote upon proof via registration records or prior voter lists.

Official Barangay Ballots Specifications

  • Uniform size and color nationwide, provided at public expense.
  • Strip-shaped ballots with stubs and coupons for numbered tracking and thumbmarks.
  • Printed with Republic’s coat of arms, "Barangay Ballot," voting date, instructions, and issues/questions.
  • No printing on the back.
  • Separate Arabic translations where applicable.

Casting Votes and Voting Hours

  • Voting by secret ballot at the designated barangay centers.
  • Voting hours: 7:00 AM to 6:00 PM, extended only to accommodate queued voters present at 6:00 PM.
  • Voter identification checked against the barangay registry.
  • Committee resolves procedural disputes by majority vote.

Use of Two Ballot Boxes by Age Group

  • Two ballot boxes per center:
    • One for voters aged 15 to under 18.
    • One for voters 18 and above.

Ballot Distribution and Preparation Protocol

  • Voter presents name and address, verified by committee chairman.
  • Chairman announces voter’s name aloud.
  • Voter receives one folded ballot and signs the voter record.
  • Voter marks ballot secretly in a booth and affixes thumbmark.
  • Ballot folded and returned to chairman who deposits it without opening.

Assistance to Illiterate or Disabled Voters

  • Voter may choose a trusted person (preferably a relative within the 4th civil degree) to assist inside the voting booth.
  • Assistant must sign a document pledging secrecy regarding ballot contents.

Closing of Voting

  • Voting stops strictly at 6:00 PM except for voters within 30 meters waiting to vote.
  • Chairman publicly announces closure when all entitled voters have voted.

Vote Counting Procedures

  • Votes by younger group (15–under 18) counted first.
  • Ballots sorted in piles of 200, tallied with a counting system using tally sheets.
  • Committee members read, record, and supervise the tallying process transparently.
  • Then votes for voters 18 and older are counted similarly.

Certification and Transmission of Referendum Results

  • Barangay referendum committee prepares two identical certified copies of results with detailed information (date, location, number of voters, votes for each issue).
  • One copy sent to COMELEC, other retained by barangay head.
  • Results prepared separately for each age group.

Canvassing of Results by COMELEC

  • COMELEC canvasses all certified results on voting day and proclaims outcomes.
  • Missing results that do not affect overall outcome do not prevent proclamation.

Postponement of Referendum

  • COMELEC may postpone referendums upon serious causes (calamities, violence, terrorism, destruction of records).
  • Petition must be verified with notice and hearing.
  • Postponed referendum held as close as possible to original date.

Prohibited Acts and Penalties

  • Various offenses punishable by 1 to 6 months imprisonment include:
    • Foreigners influencing referendums.
    • Vote buying, providing food, drinks, and transport around referendum period.
    • Electioneering or propaganda within 30 meters of polling place on referendum day.
    • Coercion or intimidation by public officers or employers.
    • Unauthorized participation by military or police personnel.
    • Unauthorized printing, distribution, or possession of official ballots.
    • Tampering with ballot boxes or referendum materials.
    • Multiple voting or voting for others.
    • Election committee members' misconduct during counting.
    • Disorderly behavior preventing committee function.
    • Propagation of false information disrupting referendum.
    • Unauthorized conducting, stopping, or interference with referendums.
    • Improper custody or destruction of referendum materials.
    • Other offenses related to secrecy and integrity of the voting process.

Jurisdiction and Prosecution

  • Municipal and city courts have jurisdiction over offenses under this Decree.
  • Court of First Instance decisions on appeals are final.
  • COMELEC’s authorized legal officers conduct preliminary investigations and prosecutions.

Rules, Regulations, and Supplies

  • COMELEC empowered to promulgate rules and prescribe forms necessary for implementation.
  • Procurement of referendum supplies may be done by negotiation or sealed quotations if public bidding impracticable.
  • Contractual hiring of personnel permitted.
  • COMELEC may adjust periods and dates by rule-making where necessary.

Repeal and Modification of Inconsistent Laws

  • All inconsistent laws, orders, decrees, and regulations are repealed or amended accordingly.

Appropriations

  • An appropriation of Four Million Five Hundred Thousand Pesos is allocated from the National Treasury exclusively for implementing this Decree through COMELEC.

Effectivity

  • The Decree takes effect immediately upon issuance.

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