Title
Code of the National Flag and Anthem EO 321
Law
Executive Order No. 321
Decision Date
Jul 2, 2004
Executive Order No. 321 establishes the Code of the National Flag and the National Anthem of the Republic of the Philippines, outlining rules for the display and proper treatment of the flag and anthem, emphasizing reverence, respect, and patriotism.

Respect and Salute Regulations

  • The Flag should never be used to return salutes to individuals or organizations.
  • It shall not be dipped as a salute except during official acts between States.
  • The only flag allowed above the National Flag is a church pennant symbolizing "God above Country."

Proper Display Orientation and Hoisting

  • Blue field is on top in peace time; red field on top in time of war.
  • When hung vertically, blue field is to the observer's left in peace; red field on left in war.
  • The Flag must be hoisted to the top of the flagpole, which should be prominently placed.
  • Pole location varies depending on the setting: ground, building roof, or window.

Flag Position with Other Flags

  • The National Flag must be superior in position—above or to the right of other flags.
  • In parades with foreign flags, it shall be in front center.

Behavior During the Flag Ceremony

  • People should halt, stand at attention, uncover, and salute when the Flag passes in a parade or review.
  • In moving vehicles, passengers should stop, alight, stand at attention, uncover, and salute.

Special Days for Flag Display

  • Flag must be displayed on Independence Day (July 4), National Heroes Day (Nov 30), Rizal Day (Dec 30), and occasions designated by the President.
  • Private homes and buildings are urged to display the Flag on these days from sunrise to sunset.

Use of Foreign Flags by Aliens

  • Aliens may display their country's flag without displaying the Philippine Flag simultaneously unless on government property.
  • Size of the foreign flag must be at least equal to the Philippine Flag, which should be to the observer's left.

Proper Handling When Lowering and Saluting

  • Flag should never touch the ground when lowered and must be folded reverently.
  • During raising, lowering, or National Anthem playing, people should face the Flag, stand at attention, uncover, and salute.
  • Vehicles must stop during these ceremonies.

Half-mast Protocol

  • To display mourning, the Flag is first hoisted to full-mast before being lowered to half-mast.
  • Before lowering at sunset, the Flag must be raised again to full mast.

Restrictions on Flag Usage and Placement

  • Flag must never be festooned, covered, or placed under pictures or persons.
  • Forbidden uses include as a staff, whip, table cover, door curtain, or in places of gambling, vice, or hilarity.
  • The Flag can cover caskets of honored military or responsible civilians, with specific placement of its colors.
  • Wreaths are not allowed on a flag-covered casket, but a small cross of flowers is permitted.
  • No markings, advertisements, or desecration of the Flag are allowed.
  • The Flag must not be worn as clothing or used as a pennant except on Independence Day or other patriotic occasions.

Handling Worn-out Flags

  • Worn out flags should be respectfully burned to avoid desecration or misuse.

National Anthem Usage

  • National Anthem should be played only at public, official, semi-official, or formal civic ceremonies.
  • People outdoors must face the band, uncover, stand at attention, and salute.
  • During flag lowering, the Anthem is to be played slowly coinciding with the lowering completion.
  • Indoors, all must stand at attention, face the band, and salute.
  • The Anthem shall not be used for recreation, amusement, entertainment, political, or partisan meetings.
  • It should be taught and sung in schools for children's education.

Manner of Saluting During National Anthem

  • Military and uniformed personnel salute according to regulations.
  • Civilians should stand at attention, uncover if wearing hats, and hold hats over their hearts.
  • Complete silence is mandatory, and no one should walk during the ceremony.

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