Policy and stated objectives
- Executive Order No. 180 is intended to extend the administration’s policy of providing land for the landless to bona fide vegetable farmers presently occupying and cultivating areas within the two named reservations.
- Executive Order No. 180 is also intended to promote soil, water, and forest conservation in the same areas.
Coverage: who may acquire title; who must vacate
- Executive Order No. 180 permits acquisition of title by all Filipino vegetable farmers who have occupied and cultivated farm lots within the Mount Data National Park and Central Cordillera Forest Reserve.
- Executive Order No. 180 covers farm lots within both reservations in the Mountain Province.
- Executive Order No. 180 requires alien occupants and/or operators of farm lots within the two reservations to vacate or move out by the deadline stated.
- Executive Order No. 180 subjects Filipino dummies and their alien exploiters to prosecution for violations connected to occupation and/or operation by aliens of farm lands within the two reservations.
Eligibility conditions for Filipino farmers
- Executive Order No. 180 requires claimants to completely improve and terrace the portion of land applied for within three years from May 10, 1956.
- Executive Order No. 180 provides that if any parcel (or remaining portion) is unimproved and unterraced at the end of the three-year period, the land automatically reverts to the public domain.
- Executive Order No. 180 requires terracing and cultivation based on terrain:
- If the top or crown of a hill or mountain is more or less flat and level but the slopes are steep and rocky, the top must be terraced, improved, and cultivated, and the steep hillsides must be planted to trees and/or paspallum grass and other vegetation cover.
- If the slopes have a gentle grade while the hill or mountain tops are steep and pointed, the sides must be terraced for cultivation, and the peaks must be planted to trees and/or paspallum grass and other vegetation cover.
- Executive Order No. 180 requires the above conditions to be treated as exact requirements for grant and issuance of title.
Application process and reservations exclusion
- Executive Order No. 180 allows a claimant, within three years from May 10, 1956, to file the corresponding application for grant of title over the lot covered by the claim.
- Executive Order No. 180 directs that applications must be on a form and filed in the manner to be determined by the Director of Lands, consistent with the Public Land Act.
- Executive Order No. 180 requires that the areas applied for be excluded from the reservations before giving due course to the applications.
Screening committee for entitlement
- Executive Order No. 180 places the determination of legal entitlement to issuance of title with a screening committee for any parcel within the two reservations.
- Executive Order No. 180 requires the committee to make the proper recommendation on entitlement.
- Executive Order No. 180 creates the committee composed of:
- A representative of the Director of Forestry;
- A representative of the Director of Lands;
- A representative of the Director of Soil Conservation;
- A private citizen of the region, named by the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources.
Post-issuance compliance and reversion
- Executive Order No. 180 requires compliance with all requisite conditions for grant and issuance of title to be exacted even after grant and issuance of title.
- Executive Order No. 180 requires those conditions to be expressly stated in the title.
- Executive Order No. 180 provides that failure to comply with the stated conditions results in the lot reverting to the public domain.
Eviction, deadline, and prosecutions
- Executive Order No. 180 grants alien occupants and/or operators until June 30, 1956 to vacate or move out of the premises presently being occupied or cultivated.
- Executive Order No. 180 provides that the vacating deadline is without prejudice to prosecution of aliens and their Filipino dummies for violations of the Public Land, Anti-Dummy, and Internal Revenue Laws.
- Executive Order No. 180 expressly ties prosecutions to violations arising from the occupation and/or operation by aliens of farm lands within the two reservations.
- Executive Order No. 180 explicitly includes Filipino dummies in the prosecution together with their alien exploiters.
Joint enforcement and investigation directive
- Executive Order No. 180 directs the National Bureau of Investigation, the Anti-Dummy Board, the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, and the Bureau of Internal Revenue to work jointly and collaborate.
- Executive Order No. 180 mandates collaboration for the investigation and prosecution of aliens and Filipino dummies for violations of the Public Land, Anti-Dummy, and Internal Revenue Laws.
- Executive Order No. 180 confines the enforcement directive to violations arising from the occupation and/or operation by aliens of farm lands within Mount Data National Park and Central Cordillera Forest Reserve.