Title
Authorization for pilot testing computerized elections
Law
Republic Act No. 8046
Decision Date
Jun 7, 1995
Republic Act No. 8046 establishes a computerized election system in the Philippines to ensure fair and credible elections, with provisions for testing, procurement of equipment, and the counting and canvassing of votes.

Law Summary

Key Definitions

  • Counting Machine: Optical scanning or equivalent advanced technology device counting ballots.
  • Memory Pack/Diskette: Data storage device.
  • Memory Pack Receiver: Machine that reads memory packs.
  • Tape Printout: Printed tally of votes per candidate per precinct.
  • Election Returns: Document showing votes for candidates in a precinct.
  • Statement of Votes: Detailed vote counts by candidate per precinct or municipality.
  • Certificates of Canvass (Municipal/Provincial): Total votes summary per candidate.
  • Computer Set: Equipment including monitor, CPU, keyboard, printer.
  • Central Counting Center: Public place for counting ballots and canvassing.
  • Computerized Election System: Electronic vote counting and canvassing system.

Authorization to Pilot-Test

  • The Commission on Elections (COMELEC) is authorized to pilot-test a computerized election system.
  • Initial pilot in March 1996 elections in the ARMM region.

System Features

  • Use of electronic devices for voting, counting, and canvassing.
  • Acquisition of new computer equipment and new forms/ballots.
  • Public notification to political parties and publication 60 days prior to election.
  • Standalone machines with built-in printers.
  • Use of ballots with provisions for audit trails.
  • Minimal human intervention and robust security safeguards.

Procurement and Funding

  • COMELEC to procure equipment from local or foreign sources tax/duty-free.
  • Subject to public bidding and accounting rules.

Public Demonstration

  • Nationwide public demonstrations to educate voters, candidates, and political parties on the system.

Pilot-Test Procedure

  • In case of system failure in ARMM pilot, reversion to manual counting using specially designed ballots.

Application of Existing Laws

  • Omnibus Election Code and related laws continue to apply unless otherwise provided.

Examination and Testing of Machines

  • Machines examined/tested 7 working days before election in presence of political representatives.
  • Machines locked/sealed after testing; keys secured.
  • Machines opened only on election day before counting.
  • Written reports of examination submitted to COMELEC.

Ballot Specifications

  • Official ballots prescribed by COMELEC including candidate names in alphabetical order.
  • Uniform printing with space for substitutions.
  • Security features such as watermarks, serial numbers.
  • Printed only by National Printing Office or Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas under security measures.
  • Accredited parties/deputized citizen arms may watch printing and distribution.

Ballot Boxes

  • Special ballot boxes with safety features to hold ballots without folding.
  • Locked with padlocks and self-locking metal seals or other safety devices.

Voting Procedure

  • Voters instructed on ballot use before voting.
  • Spoiled ballots may be replaced once; marked as "spoiled."
  • Voter personally drops ballot into box, affixes thumbmark, and receives indelible ink on finger.
  • Measures to prevent ballot exposure during deposit.

Closing of Polls

  • After voting, ballot boxes locked, sealed, and documented.
  • Public announcement of counting venue.
  • Ballot boxes transported and custody retained by Board members.

Designation of Central Counting Centers

  • COMELEC to designate central counting centers in municipalities/provinces.
  • Notice posted 15 days before election.

Counting Procedure

  • Ballots counted by precinct in order of arrival.
  • Verification of ballot count against voter records; excess ballots dealt as per existing law.
  • Ballots fed into machines supervised by officials; public proceedings.
  • Results announced publicly; tape printouts produced and distributed to parties and election officers.
  • Ballots returned and secured post counting.

Custody and Accountability

  • Joint custody of ballots and election forms by Election Officer and Treasurer.
  • Ballot boxes not opened for three months unless COMELEC orders otherwise.

Election Returns and Results

  • Election returns printed from machine data, signed, sealed, and distributed in multiple copies.
  • Consolidation into Municipal Certificates of Canvass.

Certificate of Canvass and Proclamation

  • Provincial Board prepares and signs Provincial Certificates of Canvass.
  • Regional Board canvasses provincial certificates and proclaims winning regional candidates.

Handling Discrepancies

  • Tape printout prevails over election returns if figures differ.
  • Election returns prevail over conflicting certificates of canvass.
  • Tape printouts and data diskettes preserved by Election Officer.

Supervision and Control

  • COMELEC exclusively supervises the system.
  • Responsible for acquisition, installation, administration, maintenance.
  • Authority to promulgate implementing rules.
  • Report on pilot test to Congress; further nationwide use subject to congressional authorization.

Oversight Committee

  • Committee composed of 3 members each from Senate, House, and COMELEC.
  • Monitor and evaluate implementation.
  • Report due 90 days after election.

Voter Registration

  • General registration for the 1996 ARMM elections to be conducted by COMELEC.
  • Previous voter lists nullified.
  • Final computerized list completed 60 days before election.

Election Offenses

  • Unauthorized use, tampering, destruction or theft of ballots, election documents, or election system electronic devices penalized.
  • Interfering with installation/operation of computerized devices punishable.
  • Unauthorized access or alteration of computer data or equipment penalized.

Election Protests

  • Goverened by Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 and other relevant laws.

Funding

  • Funded through COMELEC’s current appropriations and included in the General Appropriations Act.
  • Deficiencies may be augmented from the contingent fund.

Separability Clause

  • Invalidity of any provision does not affect the remainder of the law.

Repealing Clause

  • All inconsistent laws, orders, and regulations are repealed or modified as needed.

Effectivity

  • Takes effect 15 days after publication in a newspaper of general circulation.

Analyze Cases Smarter, Faster
Jur is a legal research platform serving the Philippines with case digests and jurisprudence resources.