Corporate Powers of the City
- The City is a political corporate body with perpetual succession.
- Powers include suing and being sued, using a corporate seal, acquiring and conveying property, entering contracts.
- The City exercises powers accorded to municipal corporations within law.
General Powers and Seal
- The City has a common seal, which it may alter.
- Powers include levying taxes, managing public roads and parks, holding and disposing of property.
- The City can expropriate private property for public use.
- It can sue, be sued, contract, and prosecute suits to final judgment.
General Welfare Clause
- The City exercises all powers necessary for effective governance and promotion of general welfare.
- Responsibilities include preserving culture, promoting health and safety, environmental protection, economic prosperity, social justice, employment, peace, and comfort.
Liability for Damages
- The City is liable for damages caused by its officers or employees in the performance of official duties unless otherwise provided by law.
Police Jurisdiction
- Police jurisdiction covers the City’s territory and extends to water supply drainage areas and zones within 100 meters of water infrastructure.
- Courts and police of adjoining municipalities have concurrent jurisdiction within these areas.
- Licensing fees within disputed zones accrue to the respective local government unit.
City Officials
- Elected officials: city mayor, vice mayor, sangguniang panlungsod members.
- Appointed officials include various city service heads such as treasurer, assessor, health officer, legal officer.
- The mayor appoints officials subject to sangguniang panlungsod concurrence and civil service laws.
- The sangguniang panlungsod may create, consolidate, or maintain offices.
City Mayor: Qualifications, Term, and Powers
- Elected at large by city voters; must be at least 21 years old, a city resident for one year.
- Term: three years; salary per Salary Standardization Law.
- Chief executive responsible for policy guidelines, development plans, appointments, contracts, emergencies, enforcement of laws, coordination with national officials, and resource generation.
- Powers include calling meetings, issuing executive orders, deputized control over local police, enforcing local laws, and ensuring basic service delivery.
City Vice Mayor: Qualifications and Duties
- Elected alongside the mayor; must meet the same qualifications except age (must be at least 21).
- Acts as presiding officer of sangguniang panlungsod and assumes mayoral duties in case of vacancy.
- Appoints officials with sangguniang panlungsod consent.
Sangguniang Panlungsod Composition and Powers
- Composed of vice mayor (presiding officer), 10 regular members, barangay and youth federation presidents, and sectoral representatives.
- Duties include legislative functions, approving ordinances, budget, tax levies, franchises, zoning, and protection of welfare and environment.
- May grant incentives, regulate public utilities and business activities, enact penalties, and oversee delivery of basic services.
Legislative Process and Procedures
- Sanggunian adopts internal rules including committee organization, session management, discipline, and parliamentary procedure.
- Members disclose financial and business interests to avoid conflicts.
- Regular sessions at least once weekly; special sessions require proper notice.
- Quorum requires majority; enforcement mechanisms exist for absent members.
Passage and Approval of Ordinances
- Ordinances presented to mayor for approval or veto.
- Mayor must communicate veto within 10 days; veto can be overridden by two-thirds vote of sangguniang panlungsod.
- Sanggunian and provincial council review ordinances to ensure legality.
- Barangay ordinances require sangguniang panlungsod review.
- Suspended or disapproved ordinances when enforced may cause penalties.
- Ordinances take effect 10 days post-publication in public places and newspapers.
Disqualification and Succession of Elective Officials
- Disqualifications include conviction of crimes with moral turpitude, removal from office, dual citizenship, insanity, among others.
- Vacancy in mayor's office is succeeded by vice mayor; vacancy in vice mayor’s office by highest ranking sangguniang panlungsod member.
- Ranking based on proportion of votes received.
- Other sangguniang panlungsod vacancies filled by political party nominees or by appointment if no party affiliation.
- Temporary mayoral vacancy filled by vice mayor with limitations on power depending on duration.
Qualifications and Duties of Appointive City Officials
- Detailed qualifications include residency, moral character, relevant degrees, civil service eligibility, and experience.
- Key appointive positions: secretary to sangguniang panlungsod, city treasurer and assistant, city assessor and assistant, city accountant, budget officer, planning and development officer, engineer, health officer, civil registrar, administrator, legal officer, social welfare and development officer, veterinarian, general services officer, agriculturist, environment officer, architect, information officer, cooperatives officer, population officer.
- Each officer's powers and duties include formulating plans, advising the mayor and sangguniang panlungsod, administering respective services, enforcing laws, advising on sector-specific concerns, and coordinating with agencies.
City Fire, Jail, Schools, and Prosecution Services
- City fire station headed by fire marshal responsible for firefighting and emergency services.
- City jail headed by warden ensuring secure custody of detainees with respect for human rights.
- City schools division led by superintendent managing education within city districts.
- City prosecution service headed by city prosecutor handling criminal cases, under the DOJ.
Transitory and Final Provisions
- Existing municipal ordinances remain effective until changed by the city council.
- City acquires corporate existence upon plebiscite ratification within 30 days after Act approval.
- Current municipal officials and employees continue until successors qualify.
- City assumes all municipal assets, liabilities, and obligations.
- City voters may vote in provincial elections; the City remains under provincial jurisdiction.
- No increase in local tax rates for five years post-cityhood.
- City remains part of the Second Congressional District.
- The Local Government Code applies except where inconsistent with this Act.
- City exempt from income requirements of RA 9009.
- Provisions severable; unresolved issues governed by Local Government Code.
- Boundary disputes remain subject to resolution by appropriate agencies.
- Inconsistent laws repealed or amended.
- Act effective 15 days after publication in two newspapers.