Title
Magna Carta of the Poor overview
Law
Republic Act No. 11291
Decision Date
Apr 12, 2019
The Magna Carta of the Poor establishes a comprehensive framework aimed at uplifting the living standards of impoverished Filipinos by ensuring their rights to adequate food, decent work, quality education, adequate housing, and health care, while promoting government accountability and collaboration with development partners for effective poverty alleviation.
A

Declaration of Policy

  • The State aims to uplift the living standards and quality of life of the poor.
  • Poverty alleviation efforts are area-based, sectoral, and focused.
  • The State commits to international obligations to end all forms of poverty.
  • Prioritizes investments in anti-poverty programs.
  • Ensures full access to government services for the poor.
  • Strengthens interventions addressing poor people's concerns.
  • Enhances capabilities of basic sectors and development partners for effective program delivery.

Definitions

  • Basic Sectors: Disadvantaged groups such as farmers, fisherfolk, workers, indigenous peoples, women, PWDs, senior citizens, victims of disasters, youth, urban poor, cooperatives.
  • Development Partners: NGOs, POs, private organizations tackling poverty.
  • Hazardous/Danger Zones: Areas unsafe for residential/business use.
  • NGOs: Registered nonprofit organizations uplifting basic sectors.
  • POs: Self-help groups with common social/economic goals.
  • Poor: Individuals/families below NEDA poverty threshold or unable to meet basic needs, considering the Multidimensional Poverty Index.
  • National Poverty Reduction Plan (NPRP): Consolidated bottom-up development plans.
  • Progressive Realization: Implementation paced according to funding availability and changing conditions.

Scope of Fundamental Rights of the Poor

  • Establishes progressive implementation to realize the following rights:
    • Right to Adequate Food: Access to sufficient and healthy food; government agencies to mitigate hunger, maintain feeding programs, and promote food self-sufficiency.
    • Right to Decent Work: Access to decent employment under fair conditions; priority labor allocation in public projects; livelihood promotion; compliance with labor standards; inclusive social dialogue.
    • Right to Relevant and Quality Education: Free basic education; accessible higher education including scholarships and loan programs; access to technical and vocational training.
    • Right to Adequate Housing: Decent, safe, affordable, and culturally appropriate housing; priority in socialized housing programs; housing for those in hazardous areas; enable security of tenure with minimal burden.
    • Right to the Highest Attainable Standards of Health: Equitable access to quality health care; inclusive and non-discriminatory programs addressing maternal health, reproductive health, infectious diseases, immunization, and education; reduce financial burdens via socialized health insurance.

Non-Diminution Clause

  • Existing rights of the poor under current laws remain effective.
  • The law does not diminish rights but may enhance or add new protections.

Social Protection

  • Establishes a comprehensive social protection system including social insurance, safety nets, social services, and labor market interventions.
  • Ensures affordability and accessibility.
  • Considers these protections in international and financial negotiations.

Targeting System for Beneficiaries

  • NEDA maintains a single classification system to accurately target beneficiaries.
  • Coordination with PSA, DSWD, and NAPC to identify the poor who should benefit.

National Poverty Reduction Plan (NPRP) and Government Coordination

  • Each government agency to create a convergent poverty reduction plan within 100 days of implementing rules.
  • Plans integrate provincial, city, and municipal development plans.
  • NAPC compiles and harmonizes plans.
  • DBM reviews NPRP plans for budgeting.

Participation of Basic Sectors and LGUs

  • NAPC ensures engagement of basic sectors and LGUs in NPRP formulation and implementation.
  • DILG monitors LGUs’ compliance in aligning and implementing plans with NPRP.

Funding Requirements

  • Funding sourced from existing departmental appropriations under GAA.
  • Specific programs identified for various agencies including DSWD, DOLE, TESDA, DepEd, CHED, NHA, DOH, PhilHealth, and SHFC.
  • Preferential consideration for funding pro-poor programs.
  • Additional funds allocated through the GAA.

Private Sector Participation

  • Encourages private sector partnership in financing and implementing poverty programs.
  • Government may accredit development partners to receive donations and grants.
  • Donations to be transparent and comply with government regulations.

Tax Exemptions

  • Donations, contributions, and grants for poverty programs are exempt from donor’s tax per pertinent tax laws.

Progressive Realization Implementation

  • Implementation follows the principle of progressive realization based on available funding.
  • President and Congress have discretion in fund allocation through the GAA.
  • Immediate full implementation is not mandated.

Compliance Report

  • NAPC oversees and monitors compliance.
  • Implementing agencies must submit compliance reports every six months.
  • Reports submitted to relevant Congressional committees.

Implementing Rules and Regulations

  • NAPC is responsible for promulgating implementing rules within six months of effectivity.
  • Coordination with government agencies, LGUs, and basic sectors mandated.

Separability Clause

  • If any provision is declared invalid or unconstitutional, other provisions remain effective.

Repealing Clause

  • Inconsistent laws, decrees, orders, rules, and regulations are repealed or amended accordingly.

Effectivity

  • The Act takes effect 15 days after publication in the Official Gazette or a newspaper of general circulation.

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