Title
Supreme Court
Institutionalizing Kindergarten Education
Law
Republic Act No. 10157
Decision Date
Jan 20, 2012
The Kindergarten Education Act mandates compulsory and accessible kindergarten education in the Philippines, making it an integral part of the basic education system and a prerequisite for Grade I, with the use of mother tongue-based multilingual education as the primary medium of instruction.

Law Summary

Declaration of Policy

  • State policy aligns with Millennium Development Goals to achieve Education for All by 2015.
  • Guarantees equal access to mandatory and compulsory kindergarten education.
  • Kindergarten education promotes physical, social, intellectual, emotional, and skills development preparing children for elementary schooling.
  • Kindergarten is institutionalized as the first stage of compulsory formal education.
  • Education must be learner-oriented and culturally responsive using appropriate languages.

Definition of Terms

  • DepEd: Department of Education.
  • BEE: Bureau of Elementary Education.
  • Kindergarten education: One year of preparatory education for children at least five years old prior to Grade 1.
  • Mother tongue: The language first learned by the child.

Institutionalization of Kindergarten Education

  • Kindergarten is part of the basic education system.
  • Partial implementation began in the 2011-2012 school year.
  • Kindergarten is mandatory and compulsory for Grade 1 entrance thereafter.

Medium of Instruction

  • Adoption of mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE).
  • Mother tongue is the primary language for instruction at kindergarten level.
  • Exceptions apply when:
    • Learners have diverse mother tongues.
    • Teacher does not speak learners' mother tongue.
    • Appropriate resources/materials unavailable.
    • Teachers not trained in MTB-MLE.
  • DepEd determines alternate instruction medium aligned with elementary education.
  • DepEd collaborates with Commission on Filipino Language and academic institutions to develop MTB-MLE framework.
  • Teaching strategies include phased English language introduction.

Implementing Agency

  • DepEd is the authority regulating kindergarten education for public and private schools.
  • Creation of a new Division under BEE for implementation.
  • Responsibilities include increasing kindergarten teacher positions, enhancing teacher training, and providing resources (classrooms, equipment, textbooks).

Duties, Powers and Functions of DepEd (through BEE)

  • Oversee and supervise kindergarten program organization and implementation.
  • Develop and periodically review curriculum consistent with global standards and values formation.
  • Utilize MTB-MLE in teaching.
  • Develop teaching strategies incorporating:
    • Two-track method (storytelling, reading, listening).
    • Interactive strategies, manipulative games.
    • Experiential learning, small groups, total physical response (TPR).
  • Produce learning development materials (listening stories, small and big books, primer lessons, lesson exemplars).
  • Establish continuing professional development programs for kindergarten teachers.
  • Prescribe teacher qualifications and accreditation procedures.
  • Regulate private kindergarten institutions.
  • Supervise various early childhood education venues (institution-, home-, hospital-, community-based).
  • Promote innovative kindergarten programs including educational technologies.

Appropriations

  • DepEd to fund operationalization of free, mandatory, compulsory public kindergarten with current appropriations.
  • Future funding charged to the General Fund and included in the annual General Appropriations Act.

Implementing Rules and Regulations

  • DepEd to promulgate necessary rules and regulations within ninety (90) days after the Act's effectivity.
  • Consultation with Department of Budget and Management required.

Separability Clause

  • Invalidity of any provision does not affect the rest of the Act's provisions.

Repealing Clause

  • Conflicting laws, decrees, or regulations are repealed or modified accordingly.

Effectivity Clause

  • The Act takes effect fifteen (15) days after publication in the Official Gazette or newspapers of general circulation.

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