Scope of the Act
- Covers all investment areas except banking and financial institutions regulated by other laws and the Central Bank.
Basic Guidelines
- Act limits only foreign equity participation; all other investment regulations remain effective.
- SEC or BTRCP monitor compliance with foreign equity requirements.
Registration of Foreign Investments
- Foreign nationals may invest up to 100% provided areas are outside the FINL or meet export and reciprocity requirements.
- Multiple area investments involving FINL areas limit foreign participation to areas outside FINL.
- Pre-existing enterprises increasing foreign equity must comply with Act provisions.
- Applications filed with SEC or BTRCP depending on entity type; documentary pre-processing and clearance from defense or science agencies for certain activities required.
- SEC/BTRCP must act within 15 working days or the application is deemed approved.
- Specific documentary and procedural requirements outlined for new and existing corporations, foreign corporations, and sole proprietorships.
- Special provisions for former natural born Filipinos’ investment rights and documents necessary.
- Application fees collected; Certificate of Registration issued upon approval.
Registration with Central Bank
- Automatic registration with CB after SEC or BTRCP issuance for foreign exchange remittances; CB rules apply.
Foreign Investments in Export Enterprises
- Up to 100% foreign equity allowed if products/services are not listed in FINL Lists A and B.
- Export enterprises deemed registered with BOI upon SEC or BTRCP registration; incentives under EO 226 require separate BOI registration.
- Export enterprises must submit annual reports within six months after the taxable year.
- BOI monitors export compliance and reports failures to SEC/BTRCP who can order corrective action, with penalties for non-compliance.
Foreign Investments in Domestic Market Enterprises
- Foreign equity allowed up to 100% unless restricted by law or FINL.
- Enterprises may change status to export enterprise upon notification and compliance with export requirements.
Regular Foreign Investment Negative List (FINL)
- Comprised of Lists A and B of economic activities reserved or limited by law for Philippine nationals.
- NEDA responsible for formulation, submission to the President for approval, publication, and effectivity.
- First Regular FINL effective at transitory period end; subsequent lists effective 15 days after publication.
- Only new foreign investments are affected.
Guidelines for List A and List B
- List A: Activities reserved to Filipinos with up to 40% foreign participation.
- List B: Includes defense-related, activities affecting public health/morals, and small/medium enterprises below certain capital thresholds.
- Amendments subject to recommendations and Presidential approval.
Investment Rights of Former Natural Born Filipinos
- Granted parity with Filipino citizens in cooperatives, rural banks, financing companies, and selected activities including defense-related upon specific authorization.
Ownership of Private Land by Former Natural Born Filipinos
- May acquire urban land (max 5,000 sqm) or rural land (max 3 hectares) for business use.
- Restrictions on aggregate land ownership and use detailed.
- Registration by the appropriate Register of Deeds requires proof of business use; compliance with existing land laws.
Transitory Provisions and Negative List
- Thirty-six month transitory period with a specific negative list (Lists A, B, and C).
- List C involves import/wholesale, certain regulated services, and existing licensing agreements.
- NEDA formulates transitory FINL; published prior to IRR effectivity.
Existing BOI-Registered Enterprises
- May continue operations under prior certificates subject to terms.
- Option to shift to Act governance, surrendering previous incentives and complying with refund rules.
Consistent Government Action
- Prohibits conflicting actions by government agencies against Act provisions or related certificates.
Environmental Compliance
- All industrial enterprises must comply with DENR rules and environmental standards.
- DENR to provide SEC lists of critical activities; clearances may be obtained post-registration.
Administrative Sanctions
- Detailed fines and penalties for late, non-submission, fraudulent reports; failure to meet export ratios.
- Sanctions extend to responsible corporate officers.
- DENR sanctions for environmental non-compliance.
- SEC/BTRCP have rules for hearings on violations.
- Additional grounds for registration cancellation include nondisclosure in joint ventures and fraudulent acts.
- Other violations penalized under RA 7042 Section 14.
Effectivity
- Amended rules effective 15 days after publication in a newspaper of general circulation in the Philippines.