Title
Fees for Resource Use in Protected Areas
Law
Denr Administrative Order No. 2000-51
Decision Date
Jun 21, 2000
DENR Administrative Order No. 2000-51 establishes guidelines for determining fees related to the access and sustainable use of resources in protected areas, emphasizing sustainability, the exemption of indigenous peoples from user fees, and the generation of revenue for the management and protection of these areas.
A

Overriding Principles for Resource Utilization

  • Sustainability is the primary criterion for resource use.
  • Extraction rates must not exceed regeneration rates or threaten biodiversity.
  • Land and resource development must avoid landscape alteration and ecological disruption.
  • Recreational use must preserve natural landscapes and consider area's carrying capacity.
  • Introduction of harmful chemicals into protected areas is prohibited.
  • Subsistence use by indigenous peoples and tenured migrants is exempt from user fees.

Objectives

  • Establish procedures for DENR, PAWB, and PAMBs to determine fees for resource access and sustainable use.
  • Generated revenues accrue to the Integrated Protected Area Fund (IPAF).
  • Revenues are exclusively for protection, maintenance, administration, and management projects within NIPAS.

Scope

  • Applies to major uses of all resources and facilities within the NIPAS-designated areas.

Definitions

  • Carrying Capacity: the environment's ability to tolerate stress without degradation.
  • Commercial Use: resource use exceeding subsistence levels.
  • Development Scales: micro (≤PhP150,000), cottage-scale (PhP150,000–1.5 million), small-scale (PhP1.5 million–15 million), medium-scale (PhP1.5 million–60 million).
  • Extractive Use: removal or alteration of resources within use zones.
  • Final Consumption: resource use where it is no longer input for goods or services.
  • Indigenous Cultural Communities/Indigenous Peoples (ICCs/IPs): self-identified groups with distinct cultural traits and ancestral domain.
  • Marketed vs. Non-marketed Resources: distinguished by presence or absence of market transaction.
  • Recreational Use: resource use primarily for enjoyment without significant extraction.
  • Resources: all living and non-living, renewable or non-renewable assets within protected areas.
  • Subsistence Use: resource use to meet basic household needs of indigenous peoples and tenured migrants.
  • Sustainable Use: utilization that maintains species viability for present and future generations.
  • Tenured Migrant: occupants prior to protected area designation, dependent on resources for subsistence.

Types of Uses Subject to Fees

  • Subsistence Use: hunting, gathering for household consumption by ICCs and tenured migrants.
  • Recreational Use: activities like snorkeling, diving, climbing, bird watching, filming, etc.
  • Extractive Use: water extraction, forest product gathering, wildlife collection, fishing.
  • Commercial Use: land/resource development, kiosks, tourist facilities, communication or transportation structures, geothermal and energy extraction.

Types of Fees

  • Protected Area Entrance Fee: charged for entering protected areas.
  • Facilities User Fee: fee for use of man-made facilities.
  • Resource User Fee: fee for commercial sustainable use of resources over time.
  • Concession Fee: fee for micro and cottage-scale developments.
  • Development Fee: fee for small to larger scale developments.
  • Royalty: fee based on gross output or sales from resources derived.

Guidelines and Principles for Fee Determination

  • Selection based on accuracy, data availability, and cost of estimation.

Entrance and Facilities Fees

  • Cost-Recovery Principle: fees should cover reasonable protection and maintenance costs.
  • Willingness-to-Pay Principle: entrance fees based on visitor willingness to pay derived from surveys.
  • Three-tiered fee system for entrance fees: lower rates for Filipino students, minors, senior citizens; higher for foreign visitors.
  • Facilities fees set by private entities in consultation with PAMBs and based on comparable rates.
  • Government-managed facilities fees use cost-recovery and comparability principles.

Resource User, Development, and Concession Fees

  • PAMBs may enter into co-production, joint ventures, or production-sharing with NRDC.
  • Government's share shall be a reasonable portion of commercial excess profits.
  • Development outside management plans requires Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).

Royalty Fees

  • Royalty fees based on gross sales for resource uses where sales are easily monitored.

Other Provisions

  • Excess profits calculated using a specified formula (Annex A).
  • Subsistence use rates set per resource and household, not exceeding rural annual capita income.
  • Development project classifications updated per Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) guidelines.
  • Guidelines to be expanded in a handbook after pilot testing.
  • PAMBs may engage NRDC as collecting, fund managing, and marketing agent.

Responsibilities

Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB)

  • Lead pilot testing of guidelines with PAMBs and DENR.
  • Develop a manual for guidelines implementation post pilot testing.
  • Provide assistance and experts to PAMBs in guideline implementation.

Protected Area Management Boards (PAMBs)

  • Collaborate with PAWB for pilot testing.
  • Use the PAWB manual to implement guidelines.
  • Approve resource uses through Memorandum of Agreement.
  • Conduct public consultations on proposed fees.
  • Pass resolutions to facilitate fee collection.
  • Consult with indigenous people regarding traditional resource uses.

Effectivity and Supersession

  • The order takes effect 15 days after publication.
  • It revokes, supersedes, and amends previous inconsistent orders or instructions.

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