Title
Franchise for Philippine Airlines' Air Services
Law
Presidential Decree No. 1590
Decision Date
Jun 11, 1978
Presidential Decree No. 1590 grants Philippine Airlines a new franchise to operate air transport services within and outside the Philippines, subject to regulations and requirements set by the government, including the payment of taxes and the prohibition of involuntary servitude.

Law Summary

Operation of Air-Transport Services

  • The grantee must maintain scheduled, nonscheduled, and/or charter air services in all points within the Philippines and to other countries.
  • Services must be maintained as often as traffic requirements dictate, except in cases of force majeure or adverse weather.

Regulation of Rates and Airworthiness

  • The grantee must charge just and reasonable rates subject to approval by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) or other designated government regulatory body.
  • Decisions of the CAB may be reviewed by courts.
  • All aircraft and crew must be licensed by the Philippine government.
  • Aircraft equipment must be maintained in airworthy condition, equipped with communication and safety devices, and comply with technical regulations.
  • The Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA) has authority to inspect and regulate operations.
  • Compliance with Republic Act No. 776 and its implementing regulations is required.

Use of Airport Facilities

  • The grantee may use government-maintained airport facilities subject to government terms.
  • Certain facilities may be withheld based on military or naval considerations.
  • The government has reciprocal rights to use the grantee's facilities.

Communication Facilities

  • The grantee is authorized to build, operate, and maintain wireless and radio communication stations at its terminals and aircraft.
  • Communication use is restricted to operational matters such as weather and flight-related messages.

Contracts with the Philippine Government

  • The grantee may enter into transportation contracts with the government, including mail carriage.
  • Both parties agree to give preferential consideration for contracts involving passengers, mail, and freight.

Government Rights During Emergencies

  • In cases of war, insurrection, calamity, or national emergency, the government may take over and operate the grantee’s equipment.
  • The grantee shall receive just compensation for such use or damages.

Compliance with Philippine Laws

  • The grantee is subject to all current and future Philippine laws.

Exercise of Eminent Domain

  • With the President's approval, the grantee may exercise eminent domain to acquire property for its operations.
  • Proper condemnation procedures and just compensation are mandatory.
  • Property taken must be strictly necessary for franchise purposes.

Issuance of Stock and Bonds

  • The grantee may issue stock or bonds only for cash or property of equivalent value.
  • Property dividends may be issued upon compliance with laws.

Prohibition on Involuntary Servitude

  • It is unlawful for the grantee to use or contract labor obtained through involuntary servitude.

Indemnity to Government

  • The grantee shall hold government entities harmless from claims arising from accidents or injuries caused by the operation of its services.

Taxation and Franchise Fees

  • The grantee shall pay either:
    • Basic corporate income tax on net taxable income, or
    • A franchise tax of 2% on gross revenues (with specific treatment for international flight revenues).
  • The chosen tax shall be the lesser amount.
  • Taxes paid shall be in lieu of other government taxes and fees including those on aviation fuel, imports, leases, interests, registration, and others.
  • Real property taxes remain payable.
  • The grantee may depreciate assets accelerated up to double the normal rate, and carry over net losses up to five years.

Tax Payment Procedures

  • Quarterly tax returns and payments are required.
  • Final annual tax return must be filed with settlement within specified deadlines.
  • Overpayments may be refunded or credited.
  • "Gross revenues" broadly includes income from transport and non-transport operations, investments, asset disposition, foreign-exchange transactions, and other sources.

Non-Exclusivity and Equal Treatment

  • The franchise is non-exclusive.
  • If any competitor receives more favorable terms, such terms shall automatically apply to the grantee.

Amendment and Revocation

  • The franchise may be amended, altered, or repealed by competent authority if public interest requires.

Franchise Term

  • The franchise is valid for 50 years from the date of acceptance by the grantee.

Employment of Foreign Nationals

  • The grantee may hire foreign nationals with special qualifications without government approval.
  • Such foreign nationals must register with the Commission on Immigration and Deportation within 30 days.

Foreign Loans and Indebtedness

  • The grantee may obtain loans or incur debts in foreign currency for its operations.
  • Such obligations and payments are exempt from taxes if assumed by the grantee.
  • The Republic of the Philippines unconditionally guarantees payment of principal and interest on these foreign loans.

Tax Exemptions on Leasing and Rentals

  • Rentals, interest, and other charges to foreign or domestic lessors for lease of aircraft and equipment are exempt from taxes if the grantee assumes liability.
  • The government guarantees payment under such leases.

Offset of Government Obligations

  • Government agencies may offset obligations owed by the grantee with receivables from the grantee.

Restrictions on Transfer or Assignment

  • The grantee cannot lease, transfer, sell, or assign the franchise without Presidential approval.
  • Any authorized successor is bound by the same terms and conditions.

Severability Clause

  • If any provision is declared unconstitutional or invalid, other provisions remain in effect as if the invalidated parts were removed.

Modification or Repeal

  • Franchise or its provisions may only be changed or repealed by special law or decree specifically addressing such changes.

Repeal of Inconsistent Laws

  • All laws and regulations inconsistent with this decree are repealed or modified accordingly.

Effectivity

  • The decree takes effect immediately and forms part of the law of the land.

Analyze Cases Smarter, Faster
Jur helps you analyze cases smarter to comprehend faster—building context before diving into full texts.