Law Summary
Definitions
- Child minding centers: Workplace facilities for care of solo parent employees’ children aged seven years and below.
- Children or dependents: Unmarried, unemployed dependents aged 22 or below, or older with disabilities, dependent on the solo parent.
- Flexible work schedule: Work arrival and departure time variation for solo parents without affecting core hours.
- Parental care and support: Provision of basic needs, healthcare, safety, emotional support, and personality formation.
- Parental leave: Leave granted to solo parents for parental duties requiring physical presence.
- Spouse: Legally married husband or wife or common-law partner as defined under The Family Code.
Categories of Solo Parent
- Individuals providing sole parental care/support due to:
- Birth from rape without final conviction, with sole care.
- Death of spouse.
- Spouse’s detention or criminal sentence of at least 3 months.
- Spouse’s certified physical or mental incapacity.
- Legal or de facto separation for at least 6 months with sole care.
- Marriage annulment, nullity, or divorce with sole care.
- Abandonment by spouse for at least 6 months.
- Spouse/family member/guardian of Low/Semi-skilled OFW overseas at least 12 months.
- Unmarried parents raising their child/children.
- Legal guardians, adoptive or foster parents with sole care/support.
- Relatives within fourth civil degree providing sole care due to death/abandonment/absence.
- Pregnant women providing sole care to unborn child.
Comprehensive Social Protection Services
- DSWD to coordinate with multiple government agencies and NGOs for solo parent services.
- Includes health, education, labor, housing, justice, finance, and social welfare interventions.
- Services include temporary shelter, counseling, legal aid, medical care, crisis management, and spiritual support.
Work Discrimination and Employment Benefits
- Prohibition of discrimination against solo parent employees in employment terms/conditions.
- Encouragement of telecommuting programs prioritizing solo parents.
- Parental leave benefit: up to 7 working days with pay per year for solo parent employees with 6 months’ service.
Educational Benefits
- Scholarships for solo parents and full scholarships for one (1) child across basic, higher, and technical education.
- Priority for other children in government education assistance programs.
- Provisions for non-formal education for solo parents and their children.
Child Minding Centers and Breastfeeding
- Promotion of child minding centers accessible to solo parents.
- Support and encouragement of breastfeeding in the workplace for solo parent mothers.
Social Safety Assistance
- Provision of aid (food, medicine, financial) during disasters, calamities, pandemics, and public health crises.
- LGUs required to allocate budget from calamity funds for this.
Additional Benefits
- Monthly cash subsidy of ₱1,000 for solo parents earning minimum wage and below.
- Discounts and VAT exemptions on baby’s milk, food, medicines, and sanitary supplies for those earning below ₱250,000 annually.
- Automatic National Health Insurance Program coverage with government and employer contributions.
- Priority in apprenticeships, scholarships, livelihood, and employment programs.
- Priority and allocation in government low-cost housing projects with liberal payment terms.
- Solo Parent ID Card and booklet required to avail benefits.
Limitation and Termination of Benefits
- Benefits only for solo parents exercising sole parental care/support.
- Occasional assistance from other parent does not terminate solo parent status.
- Shared parental care excludes entitlement to benefits.
- Change of status terminates eligibility.
Solo Parents Office or Division
- Establishment of Solo Parent Office (SPO) in provinces/cities and Solo Parent Division (SPD) in municipalities.
- Heads must have social work or bachelor’s degree qualifications and hold permanent government positions.
- Roles include planning, data maintenance, issuance of ID and booklets, information dissemination, monitoring compliance, and assistance in filing complaints.
- Collaboration with NGOs, civil society, and barangays.
Database and Registration
- Centralized solo parent database managed by DSWD in coordination with DILG.
- Quarterly submission of solo parent beneficiary lists by LGUs.
- SPO/ SPD review and issue Solo Parent ID Card and booklet within 7 working days.
- Resolution of disputes within 5 working days by social welfare offices.
- Validity of ID and booklet is one year.
Documentary Requirements for Registration
- Detailed document lists depending on the solo parent category including birth, marriage, death certificates, medical records, affidavits, police/barangay records, and proof of guardianship.
- Annual submission of sworn affidavits and certain documents required for renewal.
- Confidentiality of submitted documents ensured by Data Privacy Act compliance.
National Solo Parents Day and Week
- Third Saturday and third week of April annually declared as National Solo Parents Day and Solo Parents Week.
Protection for Abused, Abandoned, or Neglected Solo Parents
- DSWD coordination with barangay officials and police for immediate assistance.
- Right to retain income portion from a gainfully employed co-parent for child support.
Special Protections for Adolescent Solo Parents
- Counseling, psycho-social services, home-based, in-school, or technical education services offered by DSWD, DOH, DepEd, CHED, and TESDA.
Inter-Agency Coordinating and Monitoring Committee (IACMC)
- Composition includes Secretaries of various departments and representatives from LGUs and NGOs.
- Quarterly meetings with reports to Congress every three years on implementation.
- Data gathering through Community-based Monitoring System and PSA demographic surveys every four years.
Joint Congressional Oversight Committee on Solo Parents (JCOCSP)
- Five senators and five representatives to monitor implementation.
- Responsible for reviewing program efficacy and recommending legislative or executive actions.
Prohibited Acts and Penalties
- Penalties for refusal or failure to provide benefits include fines (₱10,000-₱50,000 for first offense, ₱100,000-₱200,000 for subsequent) or imprisonment (6 months to 2 years).
- Officials/employees of offending entities are liable.
- Possible cancellation of business permits or deportation of foreign offenders.
- Penalties for document falsification and benefit abuse include fines and imprisonment.
- Public officers committing violations face removal and perpetual disqualification.
Implementing Rules and Appropriations
- DSWD to issue rules within 90 days of enactment.
- Funding for the Act to be included in government budgets, with options to use Gender and Development budgets.
Effectivity
- The Act takes effect 15 days after its publication in the Official Gazette or a newspaper of general circulation.