Title
List of Threatened Terrestrial Wildlife Species
Law
Denr Administrative Order No. 2004-15
Decision Date
May 22, 2004
DENR Administrative Order No. 2004-15 establishes a comprehensive list of terrestrial threatened species and their categories, including critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable species, in accordance with the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act.
threatened species
endangered species
wildlife protection

Legal basis and intended coverage

  • Republic Act No. 9147 establishes the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001.
  • Sections 5 and 22 of Republic Act No. 9147 authorize DENR to establish listings of threatened wildlife and related categories.
  • This Order establishes:
    • a List of Threatened Terrestrial Wildlife Species with categories, and
    • a List of Other Wildlife Species.
  • The listings cover terrestrial wild fauna and flora.

Definitions and categories

  • Section 1 defines Threatened Species as a general term for species or subspecies considered critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable, or other accepted categories of wildlife whose population is at risk of extinction.
  • Section 1 defines Critically Endangered Species as a species or subspecies facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future.
  • Section 1 defines Endangered Species as a species or subspecies that is not critically endangered but whose survival in the wild is unlikely if the causal factors continue operating.
  • Section 1 defines Vulnerable Species as a species or subspecies that is not critically endangered nor endangered but is under threat from adverse factors throughout their range and is likely to move to the endangered category in the near future.
  • Section 1 defines Other Threatened Species as a species or subspecies that is not critically endangered, endangered nor vulnerable but is under threat from adverse factors (such as over collection) throughout its range and is likely to move to the vulnerable category in the near future.
  • Section 1 defines Other Wildlife Species as non-threatened species that have the tendency to become threatened due to predation and destruction of habitat or other similar causes as may be listed by the Secretary upon recommendation of the National Wildlife Management Committee.

Threatened species list by category

  • Section 2 establishes the List of Threatened Wildlife and their Categories, expressly listing species under each category for terrestrial wildlife.
  • Section 2(A) establishes the Critically Endangered Species list, including the following named terrestrial taxa:
    • Mammals: Bubalus mindorensis (Tamaraw); Cervus alfredi (Visayan spotted deer); Crateromys australis (Dinagat hairy-tailed cloud rat); Crateromys paulus (—); Dobsonia chapmani (Philippine bare-backed fruit bat); Dugong dugon (Dugong); Sus cebifrons (Visayan warty pig).
    • Birds: Cacatua haematuropygia (Philippine Cockatoo); Aceros waldeni (Walden's hornbill); Anthracoceros montani (Sulu hornbill); Dicaeum quadricolor (Cebu flowerpecker); Pithecophaga jeffreyi (Philippine eagle); Centropus steerii (Black-hooded coucal); Sterna bersteini (Chinese crested tern); Grus antigone (Sarus crane); Phapitreron cinereiceps (Tawi-tawi brown dove); Gallicolumba menagei (Sulu bleeding heart); Gallicolumba keayi (Negros bleeding heart); Gallicolumba platenae (Mindoro bleeding heart); Ptilinopus arcanus (Negros fruit dove).
    • Reptiles: Eretmochelys imbricata (Hawksbill turtle); Heosemys leytensis (Philippine pond turtle); Crocodylus mindorensis (Philippine crocodile); Varanus mabitang (Panay monitor lizard).
    • CITES-listed species: all species of terrestrial fauna and flora listed under Appendix 1 of CITES.
  • Section 2(B) establishes the Endangered Species list, including the following named terrestrial taxa:
    • Mammals: Acerodon jubatus (Golden-crowned fruit bat); Nycitimene rabori (Philippine tube-nosed fruit bat); Cervus calamianensis (Calamian deer); Crateromys heaneyi (Panay bushy-tailed cloud rat); Sus sp A from the Sulu Archipelago.
    • Birds: Penelopides panini (Visayan tarictic hornbill); Penelopides mindorensis (Mindoro hornbill); Hypsipetes siquijorensis (Streak-breasted bulbul) with listed synonyms; Prioniturus vericalis (Blue-winged racket-tail); Ciconia boyciana (Japanese white stork); Rhinomyias albigularis (White-throated jungle flycatcher); Stachyris nigrorum (Negros striped -babbler); Stachyris speciosa (Flame-templed babbler) with listed synonym; Copsychus cebuensis (Black shama); Rhyacornis bicolor (Luzon water-redstart); Gallicolumba criniger (Mindanao bleeding-heart); Gorsachius goisagi (Japanese night-heron); Tringa guttifer (Nordmann's greenshank).
    • Reptiles: Caretta caretta (Loggerhead turtle); Chelonia mydas (Green sea turtle); Lepidochelys olivacea (Olive ridley sea turtle); Dermochelys coriacea (Leatherback turtle); Heosemyus spinosa (Spiny terrapin); Pelochelys cantorii (Southeast Asian softshell Turtle).
    • Amphibians: Platymantis negrosensis (Negros forest tree frog); Platymantis polilloensis (Polillo forest tree frog); Platymantis spelaeus (Negros limestone frog); Platymantis subterrestris (Mt. Data cloud frog).
    • CITES-listed species: all species of terrestrial fauna and flora listed under Appendix II of CITES.
  • Section 2(C) establishes the Vulnerable Species list, including the following named terrestrial taxa:
    • Mammals: Acerodon leucotis (Palawan flying fox); Pteropus dasymallus (Wooly flying fox); Pteropus speciosus (Philippine gray flying fox); Pteropus leucopterus (White-winged fruit bat); Archboldomys luzonensis (Isarog shrew-mouse); Crateromys schadenbergi (Bushy tailed-cloud rat); Phloemys cumingi (Southern Luzon Giant cloud rat); Batomys russatus (Dinagat hairy-tailed rat); Cervus mariannus (Philippine brown deer); Manis culionensis (Palawan pangolin); Podygymnura aureospinula (Dinagat gymnure); Prionailurus bengalensis (Leopard cat); Sus barbatus (Bearded cat); Sus philippensis (Philippine warty pig); Tragulus napu (Mouse deer); and listed Pteropus species in the format shown (including Pteropus sp. A from Mindoro Island and Haplonycteris sp. A from Sibuyan Island).
    • Birds: includes Ducula carola (Spotted imperial pigeon); Ducula mindorensis (Mindoro imperial-pigeon); Ptilinopus marchei (Flame-breasted fruit dove); Ducula pickeringii (Grey imperial-pigeon); Caloenas nicobarica (Nicobar pigeon); Ducula poliocephala (Pink-bellied imperial-pigeon); Gallicolumba luzonica (Luzon bleeding-heart pigeon); Ptilinopus merrilli (Cream-bellied fruit dove); Treron formosae (Whistling green-pigeon); and the remaining named species under Vulnerable Birds as enumerated.
    • Reptiles and Amphibians: the Order lists Reptiles and Amphibians under Vulnerable Species as enumerated, including Varanus and multiple amphibian taxa shown in the list.
    • Other Threatened Species: Section 2(D) establishes the Other Threatened Species list, including the named mammals and reptiles enumerated there, such as Arctictis binturong (Binturong), Cynocephalus volans (Flying lemur), Macaca fascicularis (Philippine macaque), Pteropus vampyrus (Giant flying fox), Tarsius syrichta (Philippine tarsier), and enumerated reptiles such as Python reticulatus and the Trimeresurus species shown.
  • The Order’s threatened listings are controlled by Section 4 where conflicts arise between scientific and common names, and by Section 5 where conflicts arise between this Order’s enumeration and CITES Appendices.

Other wildlife species list

  • Section 3 establishes the List of Other Wildlife Species.
  • Section 3 lists Birds: Oriolus isabellae (Isabela oriole).
  • Section 3 lists Amphibians: Barbourula busuangensis (Philippine flat-hearted frog).

Interpretation and category priority rules

  • Section 4 provides that when there is a conflict between the scientific name and the common name in actual application, the scientific name controls.
  • Section 5 provides that when there is a conflict between the enumeration of species in this Order and the CITES Appendices, the listing in this Order prevails.
  • Section 5 also provides that for conservation purposes other than the application of penalties under Section 28 of Republic Act No. 9147, the higher category applies.

Review, updating, and removal limit

  • Section 6 requires the Secretary, in consultation with scientific authorities, the academe, and other stakeholders, to regularly review and update the list or update it as the need arises.
  • Section 6 prohibits removal of a species within three years following its initial listing.
  • Section 6 allows updating as needed, while maintaining the three-year non-removal rule for newly listed threatened species.

Effectivity and operative timeline

  • Section 7 provides that the Order takes effect fifteen (15) days after publication in a newspaper of national circulation.
  • The Order was adopted on May 22, 2004.

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