Title
Emergency Control Board's Investigative Powers
Law
Executive Order No. 226
Decision Date
Oct 24, 1939
Manuel L. Quezon authorizes the Emergency Control Board to investigate and enforce compliance regarding the supply and pricing of essential commodities, imposing penalties for noncooperation and protecting witnesses from retaliation.
A

Requirement to Cooperate with the Board and Penalties for Noncompliance

  • Persons summoned by the ECB must comply by producing the requested documents and testimony, and by taking an oath when required.
  • Failure or refusal to produce documents, appear upon summons, take an oath, or give testimony without a lawful excuse constitutes noncooperation.
  • Such noncooperation is punishable under Section 4 of Commonwealth Act No. 498.
  • Alien individuals found noncooperative face additional penalties, including deportation pursuant to Section 69 of the Revised Administrative Code, after due proceedings.

Protection Against Acts of Revenge

  • The law expressly prohibits any person from directly or indirectly inflicting, abetting, or permitting acts of revenge against individuals who provide testimony or produce documents as required by the ECB.
  • Acts of revenge include any form or manner of retaliation against cooperating witnesses.
  • Perpetrators of such acts are subject to penalties as prescribed under Section 4 of Commonwealth Act No. 498.

Legal Authority and Formalization

  • The order is issued under the constitutional authority and Commonwealth Act No. 498 by President Manuel L. Quezon.
  • It formalizes the powers and duties of the Emergency Control Board in ensuring compliance related to essential commodities.
  • Signed and enacted in Manila on October 24, 1939, marking its effective application within the legal framework of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.

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