Title
Effectivity of the Office of the Ombudsman
Law
Executive Order No. 243
Decision Date
Jul 24, 1987
Executive Order No. 243 establishes the Office of the Ombudsman as an independent body responsible for investigating and prosecuting public officials and employees for illegal, unjust, improper, or inefficient acts, with the power to recommend disciplinary actions and promote ethical standards in government.

Composition of the Office of the Ombudsman

  • The Office shall consist of the Ombudsman (known as Tanodbayan), one overall Deputy, and at least one Deputy each for Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.
  • A separate Deputy for the Military establishment may also be appointed.

Appointment of Officials and Employees

  • The Ombudsman appoints officials and employees of the Office, except the Deputies, according to Civil Service Law.

Qualifications of the Ombudsman and Deputies

  • Must be natural-born Filipino citizens.
  • Must be at least forty years old at appointment.
  • Must possess recognized probity and independence.
  • Must be members of the Philippine Bar.
  • Must not have been candidates for any elective office in the immediately preceding election.
  • Ombudsman must have at least ten years as a judge or law practitioner in the Philippines.
  • Subject to disqualifications and prohibitions under Section 2, Article IX-A of the Constitution during tenure.

Appointment Process

  • The President appoints the Ombudsman and Deputies from lists of nominees prepared by the Judicial and Bar Council.
  • A list of at least six nominees for initial appointment and three nominees for each subsequent vacancy is required.
  • Appointments require no confirmation.
  • Vacancies must be filled within three months.

Rank and Compensation

  • Ombudsman and Deputies have the rank equivalent to Chairman and Members of the Constitutional Commissions.
  • They receive the same salary, which cannot be decreased during their term.

Term of Office and Restrictions

  • Term is seven years without reappointment.
  • They are disqualified from running for any office in the immediately succeeding election after their term.

Duties and Responsibilities

  • Act promptly on complaints against public officials or government employees.
  • Notify complainants about actions taken and results.

Powers and Functions

  • Investigate acts or omissions of public officials/employees on its own or upon complaint.
  • Direct officials/employees to perform or expedite duties, or prevent abuses.
  • Recommend disciplinary actions including removal, suspension, demotion, fine, censure, or prosecution.
  • Require copies of documents related to contracts and report irregularities to Commission on Audit.
  • Request assistance and information from government agencies and examine records.
  • Publicize investigation matters prudently when warranted.
  • Identify causes of inefficiency, corruption, and recommend solutions.
  • Promulgate rules of procedure and perform duties as prescribed by law.

Fiscal Autonomy

  • The Office enjoys fiscal autonomy with approved appropriations automatically and regularly released.

Repeal and Effectivity

  • All inconsistent laws, orders, rules, or regulations are repealed or modified accordingly.
  • The Executive Order takes effect immediately upon signing.

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