Title
Creation and Guidelines of Commission on Human Rights
Law
Executive Order No. 163
Decision Date
May 5, 1987
Executive Order No. 163 establishes the Commission on Human Rights (CHR) in the Philippines, granting it the power to investigate human rights violations, provide legal protection and aid to victims, and monitor the government's compliance with international human rights treaties.
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Composition, Qualifications, and Tenure of the Commission

  • The CHR shall consist of a Chairman and four Members.
  • All appointees must be natural-born Filipino citizens, at least 35 years old, and not candidates for elective office in the immediately preceding elections.
  • A majority of the Commissioners must be members of the Philippine Bar.
  • Commissioners cannot hold other public office, engage in professional practice, manage or control businesses affected by their functions, or have direct or indirect financial interests in government contracts or franchises during their tenure.
  • Appointments are made by the President for a single term of seven years without reappointment.
  • Vacancies are filled only for the unexpired term.
  • Commissioners receive salaries equivalent to those of Constitutional Commission members, which are protected from reduction during their term.

Powers and Functions of the Commission on Human Rights

  • Investigate human rights violations involving civil and political rights, either on complaint or motu proprio.
  • Adopt operational guidelines and procedural rules; enforce compliance through contempt citations pursuant to the Rules of Court.
  • Provide legal measures for the protection of human rights for both residents and Filipinos abroad.
  • Offer preventive measures and legal aid to underprivileged individuals whose rights have been violated or need protection.
  • Exercise visitorial powers over detention facilities.
  • Conduct continuing programs on human rights research, education, and public information.
  • Recommend legislative measures to Congress to promote human rights and provide compensation to victims and their families.
  • Monitor governmental compliance with international human rights treaties.
  • Grant immunity from prosecution to witnesses or evidence holders vital to investigations.
  • Request assistance from government agencies.
  • Appoint CHR personnel per legal provisions.
  • Perform additional duties as prescribed by law.

Institutional Transition and Resource Allocation

  • The Presidential Committee on Human Rights is abolished; its functions, assets, and unexpended appropriations are transferred to the CHR.
  • The CHR inherits records, properties, and other resources of the abolished committee.
  • The CHR may retain necessary personnel from the erstwhile committee.
  • Separated public officers or employees due to abolition will receive benefits as per existing laws and regulations.

Appropriations and Fiscal Provisions

  • The CHR's approved annual appropriations are released automatically and regularly to ensure operational continuity.

Effectivity and Supersession

  • The Executive Order supersedes any inconsistent laws, orders, issuances, rules, or regulations.
  • The provisions take effect immediately upon issuance.

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