Law Summary
Misprision of Treason
- Concealment of knowledge of treason without prompt disclosure to authorities.
- Punishable by imprisonment up to seven years and a fine up to one thousand dollars.
Rebellion or Insurrection
- Inciting, assisting, or engaging in rebellion or insurrection against lawful authority.
- Providing aid or comfort to participants of rebellion or insurrection.
- Punishable by imprisonment for up to ten years and a fine up to ten thousand dollars.
Conspiracy to Overthrow Government or Obstruct Law Enforcement
- Conspiracy to forcibly overthrow or destroy the government, obstruct laws, or seize government property.
- Punishable by a fine up to five thousand dollars and imprisonment up to six years, with or without hard labor.
Sedition Defined
- Acts of public tumult to forcibly prevent law promulgation, free elections, official duties, or judicial/administrative orders.
- Infliction of political or social hate or revenge on officials, agents, individuals, classes, or government property.
Punishment for Sedition
- Fine up to five thousand dollars or imprisonment up to ten years, or both.
Punishment for Conspiracy to Commit Sedition
- Fine up to one thousand dollars or imprisonment up to five years, or both.
Seditious Utterances and Publications
- Uttering or publishing words or libels that disturb lawful officers or incite rebellion, riots, or disturbance of peace.
- Concealing such acts is also punishable.
- Punishable by fine up to two thousand dollars or imprisonment up to two years, or both.
Secret Political Societies
- Formation or continuation of societies promoting treason, rebellion, sedition, or certain political objectives.
- Punishable by fine up to one thousand dollars or imprisonment up to one year, or both.
Prohibition of Advocating Independence or Separation
- Advocating Philippine independence or separation by any means before official proclamation that state of war or insurrection has ended is unlawful.
- Violators face fine up to two thousand dollars and imprisonment up to one year.
Oath-Binding to Commit Crimes
- Administering or taking oaths to commit crimes punishable by death or imprisonment over five years.
- Attempting to induce such oath-taking.
- Punishable by fine up to two thousand dollars or imprisonment up to ten years.
Oaths Related to Seditious Purposes or Concealment
- Oaths to engage in sedition, disturb peace, refuse to testify, or conceal illegal acts.
- Punishable by fine up to one thousand dollars or imprisonment up to five years, or both.
Compulsion Defense and Reporting Requirements
- Offenders under compulsion must report within specified periods to avoid penalty.
- Reporting must be done under oath to designated authorities.
Violation of Oaths of Allegiance
- Breach of oath recognizing United States' supreme authority or allegiance to the government.
- Punishable by fine up to two thousand dollars or imprisonment up to ten years, or both.
Exception for Certain Provinces and Military Authorization
- Act does not apply to Batangas, Cebu, Bohol, or provinces without established civil government during ongoing insurrection unless the Military Commanding General orders otherwise.
Repeal of Conflicting Laws
- Repeals conflicting laws but does not affect pending actions or existing causes of action.
Application to Foreigners
- Foreign residents committing crimes under this Act (except treason) face same penalties as Filipinos.
Effective Date
- The Act takes effect immediately upon passage on November 4, 1901.