Law Summary
Corporate Powers and General Powers of the City
- The city is a political body corporate with perpetual succession.
- It has powers such as suing and being sued, using a corporate seal, acquiring and conveying property, entering contracts, and other municipal corporation powers.
- The city has a common seal, can levy taxes, manage public roads, lease and dispose property, expropriate private property for public use, and engage in legal proceedings.
- The city and its officials are liable for damages for death, injury, or property damage.
Jurisdiction for Police and Water Supply Purposes
- The city's police jurisdiction covers its territorial boundaries and extends over the drainage area of its water supply or 100 meters around water facilities.
- Regional and city courts share jurisdiction for crimes in this extended area.
- Licensing within this zone is done by appropriate city or municipal authorities, with fees accruing accordingly.
City Officials: Composition and Appointment
- The city shall have a mayor, vice mayor, sangguniang panlungsod members, secretary, treasurer and assistant treasurer, assessor and assistant assessor, accountant, budget officer, planning and development coordinator, engineer, health officer, civil registrar, administrator, legal officer, social welfare and development officer, veterinarian, general services officer, agriculturist, cooperatives officer, environment and natural resources officer, and possible additional officers like architect, information officer, population officer.
- The mayor appoints department heads and other officials with the sangguniang panlungsod's concurrence.
- The sangguniang panlungsod acts on appointments within 15 days; failure means confirmation by default.
The City Mayor: Qualifications, Term, Powers, and Duties
- Must be at least 21 years old, resident for at least 1 year prior, qualified voter, and elected at large.
- Term of 3 years with a minimum monthly salary at Salary Grade 30.
- Chief executive with powers under the Local Government Code: policy creation, development plan formulation and implementation, legislative initiatives to the sangguniang panlungsod, appointment of officials, representation of the city, emergency powers during disasters.
- Also responsible for tax and fee collection, license issuance and revocation including for gambling operations subject to city ordinance.
- Authorized to solemnize marriages and manage city government resources including office space and official travel.
- Has general operational control over the city police force and may call on law enforcement agencies to suppress disorder.
- Must submit annual and supplemental reports to the provincial governor.
The City Vice Mayor: Qualifications, Term, and Duties
- Same qualifications as the mayor and elected similarly; 3-year term; monthly salary at Salary Grade 26.
- Presides over the sangguniang panlungsod and signs warrants for its expenditures.
- Appoints sangguniang panlungsod officials, except those appointed by the mayor.
- Acts as mayor in cases of temporary or permanent vacancy.
The Sangguniang Panlungsod: Composition and Functions
- Composed of the vice mayor as presiding officer, 10 regular members, presidents of the city chapter of liga ng mga barangay, panlungsod na pederasyon ng mga sangguniang kabataan, and sectoral representatives.
- Approves ordinances necessary for city governance, reviews barangay ordinances, maintains peace and order, protects environment, and imposes penalties.
- Regulates business practices, building construction, and public utilities.
- Approves annual and supplemental budgets, levies taxes and fees, authorizes loans and bonds.
- Enacts zoning and land use ordinances and regulates public markets, transportation, and health safety.
- Provides for the establishment of various councils for culture, elderly welfare, and social services.
Legislative Process, Quorum, and Ordinance Approval
- Sanggunian adopts or updates internal rules within 90 days post-election, including committee creation and parliamentary procedures.
- Full disclosure of financial and business interests is required from members to avoid conflicts of interest.
- Regular sessions at least once a week; special sessions with proper notice.
- Majority constitutes quorum; mechanisms exist to compel attendance.
- Ordinances are presented to the mayor for approval; the mayor may veto within 10 days.
- The sangguniang panlungsod may override veto by two-thirds vote.
- Ordinances are posted and published in the local language for public awareness.
Disqualifications and Succession of Elective Officials
- Disqualified persons include those convicted of crimes involving moral turpitude within two years, removed officials, those with dual citizenship, fugitives, permanent foreign residents, and the insane or feeble-minded.
- Permanent vacancies in mayor or vice mayor offices are filled by vice mayor or highest ranking sangguniang panlungsod members by vote proportion.
- Vacancies in sangguniang panlungsod filled by appointments from the political party of the member causing the vacancy or by mayor recommendation.
- Temporary mayor incapacities result in vice mayor or highest ranking member assuming powers with limitations.
Appointive Officials: Qualifications, Powers and Duties
- Numerous officials with specified qualifications including education, residency, experience, morality, and civil service eligibility.
- Officials include secretary to sangguniang panlungsod, city treasurer and assistant, assessor and assistant, accountant, budget officer, planning coordinator, engineer, health officer, civil registrar, administrator, legal officer, social welfare officer, veterinarian, general services officer, environment and natural resources officer, architect, information officer, cooperatives officer, population officer, and agriculturist.
- Each official has defined duties such as managing offices, advising city officials, implementing laws and ordinances, facilitating development plans, maintaining fiscal and administrative systems, enforcing health and environmental standards, and coordinating with national agencies.
City Fire Station, Jail, School Division, and Prosecution Service
- Establishment of city fire station headed by a qualified fire marshal with firefighting and emergency services responsibilities.
- City jail to be secure and sanitary, managed by a warden qualified in social sciences to ensure humane treatment and rehabilitation.
- City school division established and headed by a qualified superintendent under the Department of Education.
- City prosecution service organized under the Department of Justice, headed by a city prosecutor handling criminal prosecution within the city.
Transitory and Final Provisions
- Existing municipal ordinances remain in force until amended or repealed by the sangguniang panlungsod.
- City acquires corporate existence upon ratification in a plebiscite conducted within 60 days after the Act's approval.
- Current municipal officials and employees continue in office until new city officials assume office, with automatic absorption of municipal employees.
- The city succeeds to all assets, liabilities, and obligations of the municipality.
- City voters qualify to vote and run for provincial offices of Bulacan, with city under the provincial jurisdiction.
- No increase in local tax rates for five years post-conversion.
- City remains part of the fourth congressional district.
- The Local Government Code and applicable laws govern the city except where inconsistent with this Act.
- Provisions for separability, reservation on boundary disputes, repeal of inconsistent laws, and effectivity upon publication in newspapers.