Legal basis and prior rules amended
- General Order No. 45 was issued pursuant to Proclamation No. 1081 dated September 21, 1972 and Proclamation No. 1104 dated January 17, 1973, and General Order No. 1 dated September 22, 1972.
- General Order No. 45 expressly amends General Order No. 44 dated March 5, 1974.
- The curfew being changed is the curfew prescribed by General Order No. 4 dated September 22, 1972 and as amended by General Order No. 23 dated January 13, 1973.
- The amendment applies to curfew hours: it changes the curfew from twelve o’clock midnight to four o’clock in the morning (as previously set) to one o’clock to four o’clock in the morning.
Policy, purpose, and grounds
- General Order No. 45 changes curfew hours in view of improved peace and order conditions in the country.
- General Order No. 45 changes curfew hours to encourage economic growth and tourism.
- General Order No. 45 maintains different curfew hours for areas outside Greater Manila when modification is not warranted for military necessity and national security.
Covered area and curfew hours
- General Order No. 45 sets the curfew between 1:00 A.M. to 4:00 A.M. for the four (4) cities of Manila, Quezon, Pasay, and Caloocan.
- General Order No. 45 sets the curfew between 1:00 A.M. to 4:00 A.M. for the thirteen (13) municipalities of Navotas, Malabon, Valenzuela, Marikina, Pasig, Taguig, Muntinglupa, ParaAaque, San Juan, Mandaluyong, Las PiAas, Pateros, and Makati.
- General Order No. 45 covers these places as the Greater Manila Area.
- General Order No. 45 provides that areas outside the named cities and municipalities comprising the Greater Manila Area retain the curfew hours previously being observed.
- The maintained curfew for outside areas is subject to determinations based on conditions and official recommendations described in General Order No. 45.
Outside Greater Manila: retained curfew timing
- General Order No. 45 provides that for places/areas outside the Greater Manila Area cities and municipalities, the curfew hours previously being observed are maintained.
- General Order No. 45 authorizes the maintenance of the existing curfew where the modification ordered by General Order No. 45 is not warranted.
- General Order No. 45 ties non-modification to determinations by the Chief of Staff, AFP.
- General Order No. 45 requires a recommendation by the Secretary of National Defense for the maintained curfew for outside areas to be effective.
- General Order No. 45 requires that the Secretary of National Defense recommendation be duly approved by the President of the Philippines.
- General Order No. 45 limits the basis for maintaining the old curfew to military necessity and national security.
Command responsibility for the curfew
- General Order No. 45 assigns the determination of whether modification is warranted for outside areas to the Chief of Staff, AFP.
- General Order No. 45 requires the Secretary of National Defense to recommend the decision regarding curfew modification for outside areas.
- General Order No. 45 requires Presidential approval of the Secretary of National Defense recommendation for maintained curfew conditions outside Greater Manila.