Title
Curfew Hours Changed to 1AM-4AM in Greater Manila
Law
General Order No. 45
Decision Date
Mar 18, 1974
General Order No. 45, issued by Ferdinand E. Marcos, changes the curfew hours in the Greater Manila Area from midnight to 4 am to 1 am to 4 am, aiming to improve peace and order conditions, stimulate economic growth, and promote tourism.

Legal basis and prior rules amended

  • General Order No. 45 was issued pursuant to Proclamation No. 1081 dated September 21, 1972 and Proclamation No. 1104 dated January 17, 1973, and General Order No. 1 dated September 22, 1972.
  • General Order No. 45 expressly amends General Order No. 44 dated March 5, 1974.
  • The curfew being changed is the curfew prescribed by General Order No. 4 dated September 22, 1972 and as amended by General Order No. 23 dated January 13, 1973.
  • The amendment applies to curfew hours: it changes the curfew from twelve o’clock midnight to four o’clock in the morning (as previously set) to one o’clock to four o’clock in the morning.

Policy, purpose, and grounds

  • General Order No. 45 changes curfew hours in view of improved peace and order conditions in the country.
  • General Order No. 45 changes curfew hours to encourage economic growth and tourism.
  • General Order No. 45 maintains different curfew hours for areas outside Greater Manila when modification is not warranted for military necessity and national security.

Covered area and curfew hours

  • General Order No. 45 sets the curfew between 1:00 A.M. to 4:00 A.M. for the four (4) cities of Manila, Quezon, Pasay, and Caloocan.
  • General Order No. 45 sets the curfew between 1:00 A.M. to 4:00 A.M. for the thirteen (13) municipalities of Navotas, Malabon, Valenzuela, Marikina, Pasig, Taguig, Muntinglupa, ParaAaque, San Juan, Mandaluyong, Las PiAas, Pateros, and Makati.
  • General Order No. 45 covers these places as the Greater Manila Area.
  • General Order No. 45 provides that areas outside the named cities and municipalities comprising the Greater Manila Area retain the curfew hours previously being observed.
  • The maintained curfew for outside areas is subject to determinations based on conditions and official recommendations described in General Order No. 45.

Outside Greater Manila: retained curfew timing

  • General Order No. 45 provides that for places/areas outside the Greater Manila Area cities and municipalities, the curfew hours previously being observed are maintained.
  • General Order No. 45 authorizes the maintenance of the existing curfew where the modification ordered by General Order No. 45 is not warranted.
  • General Order No. 45 ties non-modification to determinations by the Chief of Staff, AFP.
  • General Order No. 45 requires a recommendation by the Secretary of National Defense for the maintained curfew for outside areas to be effective.
  • General Order No. 45 requires that the Secretary of National Defense recommendation be duly approved by the President of the Philippines.
  • General Order No. 45 limits the basis for maintaining the old curfew to military necessity and national security.

Command responsibility for the curfew

  • General Order No. 45 assigns the determination of whether modification is warranted for outside areas to the Chief of Staff, AFP.
  • General Order No. 45 requires the Secretary of National Defense to recommend the decision regarding curfew modification for outside areas.
  • General Order No. 45 requires Presidential approval of the Secretary of National Defense recommendation for maintained curfew conditions outside Greater Manila.

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