Title
Passport cancellation for certain Filipinos
Law
Letter Of Instructions No. 1157
Decision Date
Aug 1, 1981
Letter of Instructions No. 1157 directs the Minister of Foreign Affairs to cancel passports of Filipino citizens engaged in illegal activities abroad, evading criminal prosecution, involved in criminal conspiracies, or violating Philippine laws, reinforcing the importance of abiding by Philippine laws and serving as a deterrent for potential offenders.

Policy, purpose, and public interest

  • The Letter of Instructions directs passport cancellation for Filipino citizens who, due to illegal activities or acts in a foreign country, do not deserve the continued protection of the Philippine government.
  • The Letter of Instructions is designed to compel such Filipino citizens to return to the Philippines so they may be held answerable before Philippine courts.
  • Passport cancellation is treated as a public-interest measure connected to accountability before Philippine courts.

Who must have passports cancelled

  • The Minister of Foreign Affairs must cancel, or cause the cancellation of, passports issued to Filipino citizens covered by the listed cases.
  • The first covered case applies when a Filipino citizen is facing charges in a Philippine court and has absconded from the Philippines to evade criminal prosecution.
  • The second covered case applies when, after investigation and hearing by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or a proper Philippine consulate, or upon classified information from the Ministry of National Defense, it appears that a Filipino citizen residing or sojourning abroad is actively engaged in specified conduct.

Grounds based on absconding prosecution

  • Passport cancellation is required when the Filipino citizen is facing charges in a Philippine court.
  • Passport cancellation applies only if the Filipino citizen has absconded from the Philippines.
  • Passport cancellation applies because the purpose of absconding is to evade criminal prosecution.

Grounds based on investigation, hearing, or classified information

  • Passport cancellation is required when an investigation and hearing conducted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or by the proper Philippine consulate shows the qualifying circumstances.
  • The qualifying circumstances include a Filipino citizen abroad being actively engaged in a criminal conspiracy.
  • The criminal conspiracy must be to seize political or state power in the Philippines and to take over the Government by force or violence.
  • Passport cancellation is also required when investigation and hearing show the Filipino citizen is violating Philippine laws.
  • Passport cancellation may be based on classified information from the Ministry of National Defense that supports the qualifying circumstances.

Implementation authority and required actions

  • The Minister of Foreign Affairs is authorized and directed to cancel, or to cause the cancellation of, passports for covered Filipino citizens.
  • The Minister of Foreign Affairs must conduct implementation through the ministry’s processes and overseas diplomatic posts when applicable.
  • The Minister of Foreign Affairs is authorized and directed to issue whatever rules and regulations are necessary for the proper and effective implementation by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
  • Implementation is effective immediately upon issuance.

Date and formal directive

  • The directive is dated and executed in the City of Manila on August 01, 1981.
  • The directive is issued by President Ferdinand E. Marcos.
  • The letter states that it is done on the 1st day of August, in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred and eighty-one.

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