Title
Bases Conversion and Development Act Summary
Law
Republic Act No. 7227
Decision Date
Mar 13, 1992
The Bases Conversion and Development Act of 1992 establishes the Bases Conversion and Development Authority (BCDA) to convert military reservations into civilian use, raise funds through land sales, and develop Special Economic Zones, with the BCDA having various powers and oversight functions, and the Subic Special Economic Zone and Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority being created as well.

Law Summary

Declaration of Policies

  • Accelerate conversion of military reservations at Clark and Subic and their extensions into productive civilian uses.
  • Raise funds via sale of Metro Manila military camps.
  • Use funds to promote economic and social development, particularly of Central Luzon.

Creation of Bases Conversion and Development Authority (BCDA)

  • Established as a body corporate with perpetual succession and corporate powers.
  • Organized within 30 days of Act's approval.
  • Term of 50 years unless dissolved by Congress.
  • Principal office in Metropolitan Manila with possible branches.

Purposes of the Conversion Authority

  • Own, hold, administer specified military reservations and transferred Metro Manila camps.
  • Prepare and implement comprehensive development plans consistent with ecological standards.
  • Encourage private sector participation in base conversion.
  • Serve as holding company of subsidiaries and invest in Special Economic Zones (SEZs).
  • Manage projects via private sector companies outside subsidiary jurisdiction.
  • Coordinate with local governments for consultation on projects.
  • Plan and undertake relocation or resettlement as necessary.

Powers of the Conversion Authority

  • Sue and be sued in corporate name; have corporate seal.
  • Amend bylaws.
  • Enter contracts and loans, including from foreign institutions.
  • Execute guarantees, mortgages for financing projects.
  • Construct, own, operate public utilities and infrastructure.
  • Undertake reclamation projects.
  • Acquire, lease, mortgage, and sell properties at fair market value.
  • Receive grants and donations, invest funds excluding SEZ assets.
  • Exercise eminent domain.
  • Oversight on SEZs.
  • Promulgate rules and regulations.
  • Other necessary powers to fulfill objectives.

Capitalization

  • Authorized capital of ₱100 billion, subscribed by government.
  • Initial operating capital of ₱70 million appropriated from National Treasury.

Transfer of Properties

  • President to transfer specified military reservations and Metro Manila camps to the Conversion Authority.
  • Military reservations to be delineated and proclaimed by President.

Funding Scheme

  • Capital from sale/transfer of Metro Manila military camps and specified lands.
  • Certain lands exempt from sale (military, police, housing, educational, etc.).
  • Sales conducted only after approved development plan.
  • Distribution of sales proceeds:
    • 32.5% for AFP transfer, housing, modernization, medical facilities.
    • 50% for Clark and Subic conversion projects.
    • 5% for housing assistance to homeless in affected areas.
    • Remaining balance to National Treasury for economic upliftment.
  • Fort Bonifacio sales portion shared with local municipalities.
  • Farmers affected entitled to compensation.

Board of Directors Composition

  • Nine members: Chairperson (also president) plus eight members; two from labor sector.
  • Appointed by President with Commission on Appointments consent.
  • Terms staggered; chairman and president fixed six years.
  • Members must be natural-born Filipinos with integrity and competence.
  • Per diem for meetings capped.

Board Functions

  • Policy making, organizational structuring, define employee roles and benefits.
  • Appointments based on merit, consistent with civil service laws.
  • Prepare annual budgets and reports.
  • Attend to conversion projects, favoring BOT schemes.
  • Initiate privatization/divestment from fourth operational year.

Duties of the President of BCDA

  • Chief Executive Officer.
  • Implement Board policies.
  • Supervise operations and administration.
  • Represent BCDA in government and private dealings.
  • Prepare Board meeting agendas.

Subic Special Economic Zone (SEZ)

  • Created with local government concurrence.
  • Covers City of Olongapo, Municipality of Subic, parts of Zambales and Bataan.
  • Develop as self-sustaining industrial, commercial, investment center.
  • Operate as separate customs territory with tax exemptions.
  • Remit 3% gross income as payments to national government and LGUs.
  • Liberalize banking, finance, and foreign exchange.
  • Permanent resident status for qualifying investors and families.
  • National government responsible for defense and security.
  • LGUs retain autonomy except in conflicts where Subic Authority prevails.

Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA)

  • Body corporate as implementing arm for Subic SEZ.
  • Powers:
    • Manage ship repair, container port, oil storage, air base.
    • Accept investments, regulate utilities and infrastructure.
    • Own property, sue/be sued, exercise eminent domain.
    • Raise funds, borrow, issue securities.
    • Operate tourism and preserve forest/national park areas.
    • Establish educational and medical institutions.
    • Enforce environmental standards.
  • Board composition includes LGU reps, national government, private sector.
  • Chairman/Administrator appointed by President, initial year led by Olongapo mayor.
  • Authorized capital ₱20 billion with government contributions.

Relationship with BCDA and Local Governments

  • SBMA exercises administrative powers over Subic SEZ subject to BCDA oversight.
  • SBMA decisions prevail over LGUs on zone matters except defense and security.

Clark and Other Special Economic Zones

  • Clark SEZ created by President’s proclamation with LGU concurrence.
  • Governed similarly to Export Processing Zone Authority.
  • Policies to be determined with local consultations within six months.
  • Other SEZs may be created in Wallace Air Station, John Hay, and other municipalities upon recommendations.

Subsidiaries

  • BCDA may organize subsidiary corporations with at least 51% ownership.
  • Subsidiaries exempt from Civil Service laws.
  • BCDA holds majority board control of subsidiaries with designated directors.

Supervision

  • BCDA under direct Office of the President control for policy and coordination.

Legal Counsel

  • Government Corporate Counsel is ex officio legal counsel for BCDA and related entities.
  • May designate full-time representative.

Auditor

  • Commission on Audit appoints full-time auditor for BCDA and subsidiaries.
  • Pre-audit required on major sales and transfers.
  • Must report to Congress every 60 days.

Interim Capacity

  • Board members serve in interim capacity until July 31, 1992, or successors appointed.

Injunction and Restraining Order

  • Conversion projects urgent; restrained only by Supreme Court order.

Separability Clause

  • Unconstitutional provisions do not affect validity of remaining provisions.

Repealing Clause

  • Laws or issuances inconsistent with this Act are repealed or amended.

Effectivity

  • Effective upon publication in a newspaper of general circulation.

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