Title
Ban on Forgery and Use of Presidential Seal
Law
Executive Order No. 141
Decision Date
Aug 12, 1999
Joseph Ejercito Estrada's Executive Order No. 141 prohibits the unauthorized use and forgery of the Seal of the President of the Philippines, imposing penalties for violations and designating enforcement agencies to ensure compliance.

Legal basis and predecessor issuances

  • Executive Order No. 141 anchors the President’s seal framework on Executive Order No. 38 (s. 1947) as amended by Executive Order No. 451 (s. 1951) for the adoption of the coat of arms, seal, and flag of the President and Vice President.
  • Executive Order No. 141 recognizes the design rules set under Executive Order No. 19 (s. 1998) for the Seal of the President of the Philippines.
  • Executive Order No. 141 classifies violations through direct cross-references to criminal provisions of the Revised Penal Code, specifically Article 179 and Article 161.

Policy and core purpose

  • Executive Order No. 141 establishes that the Seal of the President of the Philippines is personal to the President of the Republic of the Philippines.
  • Executive Order No. 141 aims to stop widespread unauthorized commercial use of the seal that leads to abuse.
  • Executive Order No. 141 requires strict exclusivity in the use of the presidential seal and bars both unauthorized use and related deceptive conduct.

Coverage and exclusivity of the seal

  • Section 1 provides that the Seal of the President is for the exclusive use of the President.
  • Section 1 prohibits any other person and/or organization from using the seal.
  • Section 2 covers unauthorized use “in various forms,” expressly including commercial and public-facing items.
  • Section 3 covers forgery or fraudulent alteration of the seal.

Prohibited unauthorized uses and sales

  • Section 2 prohibits the unauthorized use of the seal in various forms, including stickers, stamps, business cards, passes, car plates, clothing, tokens, souvenirs, and stationeries.
  • Section 2 provides that unauthorized manufacture, sale, and distribution of the seal in various forms are also prohibited.
  • Section 2 treats these acts as illegal acts.
  • Section 2 mandates that any person or organization found guilty of violating the prohibited unauthorized use provisions is subjected to the penalties under Article 179 of the Revised Penal Code.

Forgery and fraudulent alteration

  • Section 3 prohibits the forgery or fraudulent alteration of the Seal of the President.
  • Section 3 provides that forgery or fraudulent alteration constitutes an illegal act.
  • Section 3 mandates that any person or organization found guilty of violating this provision is subjected to the penalties under Article 161 of the Revised Penal Code.

Additional specific ban: “ERAP” plates and pins

  • Section 5 prohibits the use of pins with the Seal of the President and “ERAP” plates.
  • Section 5 treats this “pins” use together with “ERAP” plates as within the prohibition of prohibited conduct under the order.

Enforcement, monitoring, and confiscation

  • Section 4 designates the Presidential Security Group (as lead), the Department of Justice, the National Bureau of Investigation, the Philippine National Police, the Metro Manila Development Authority, and the Land Transportation Office to immediately enforce the order.
  • Section 4 requires the designated agencies to ensure proper implementation, monitoring, apprehension, and confiscation.
  • Section 4 requires the designated agencies to conduct investigation and file appropriate charges for violations.
  • Section 4 imposes a duty of coordinated enforcement on all named agencies, with the Presidential Security Group leading enforcement.

Implementation reporting requirement

  • Section 6 requires the Presidential Security Group to submit an implementation report to the Office of the President, through the Presidential Management Staff.
  • Section 6 sets the reporting deadline as within twenty (20) days from the date of effectivity of the order.
  • Section 6 ties the report specifically to the implementation of this Order, reflecting enforcement and monitoring activities required under Section 4.

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