Title
Issuance of Free Patents to Residential Lands
Law
Republic Act No. 10023
Decision Date
Mar 9, 2010
Republic Act No. 10023 authorizes the issuance of free patents to Filipino citizens who have resided on and possessed residential lands for at least ten years, with certain size and location limits, and exempts these patents from encumbrance restrictions.

Law Summary

Coverage of the Act

  • Applies to all lands zoned as residential areas, including townsites under the Public Land Act.
  • Compliance with Presidential Decree No. 705 is mandatory.
  • Includes zoned residential lands inside or abandoned military camps.
  • Also covers residential lands of local government units (LGUs) or townsites preceding the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) law.

Application Requirements and Procedures

  • Applications must include a map based on an actual survey by a licensed geodetic engineer approved by the DENR.
  • A technical description of the land applied for is required.
  • Must be accompanied by affidavits from two disinterested persons residing in the same barangay, attesting the applicant's continuous possession and occupancy for at least ten years under a bona fide claim of ownership.
  • The applicant must have met the qualifications stated in Section 1.

Issuance of Special Patents

  • Public lands occupied and used for public schools, municipal halls, public plazas, parks, and other government institutions may be issued special patents.
  • These patents shall be issued under the name of the national agency or LGU concerned.
  • Disposal of such lands is prohibited unless sanctioned by Congress (for national agencies) or the sanggunian (local council) by ordinance (for LGUs).

Removal of Restrictions

  • Restrictions on encumbrances, conveyances, transfers, or dispositions under specified sections of Commonwealth Act No. 141 do not apply to patents issued under this Act.

Period and Processing of Applications

  • Applications must be filed immediately after the Act’s effectivity at the Community Environment and Natural Resources Office (CENRO) of the DENR.
  • CENRO must process applications within 120 days, including compliance with required notices and legal procedures.
  • The Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office (PENRO) has 5 days to approve or disapprove the application.
  • Upon approval, patents are issued; conflicting claims must be resolved judicially.

Implementing Rules and Regulations

  • The Director of the Land Management Bureau of the DENR shall issue rules and regulations to implement this Act.
  • These rules must be gender responsive.

Repealing Clause

  • All laws, decrees, executive orders, and other issuances inconsistent with this Act are considered repealed, amended, or modified accordingly.

Separability Clause

  • If any part of this Act is declared unconstitutional or invalid, the remaining provisions shall continue in full force and effect.

Effectivity Clause

  • The Act takes effect fifteen (15) days after its publication in two national newspapers of general circulation.

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