Title
Regulation of Firearms Importation and Possession
Law
Act No. 1780
Decision Date
Oct 12, 1907
A Philippine law enacted in 1907 regulates the possession, use, and transfer of firearms and ammunition, requiring licenses for individuals and dealers, with violations resulting in fines, imprisonment, or license revocation, while also allowing for the deposit of firearms with customs officials and granting authority to the Governor-General for sale and transfer of firearms.
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Licensing Application and Approval Process

  • Applicants must apply to the Governor-General stating intended firearms/ammunition business.
  • Governor-General approves, specifies bond amount and license duration.
  • Licensed dealers may store firearms/ammunition under Director of Constabulary custody with proper receipts and may be charged storage fees.

Bond and License Issuance

  • Dealers must execute bonds approved by Director of Constabulary prior to license issuance.
  • Upon Governor-General’s approval and bond acceptance, the Director of Constabulary issues the license and files bond.

License Revocation and Refunds

  • Governor-General may revoke licenses anytime; refunds proportionate unless breach occurred.
  • Upon revocation, all arms must be surrendered to Constabulary.
  • Bonds canceled and returned after license expiration with compliance proof.

License Limitations and Customs Clearance

  • Possession or dealing beyond licensed amounts requires new license.
  • Customs clearance for firearms/ammunition requires prior approval from Director of Constabulary and Governor-General.

Restrictions on Sales to Unlicensed Persons

  • Dealers cannot sell firearms or ammunition to buyers without proper licenses.
  • Violations lead to fines up to PHP 2,000, imprisonment up to 2 years, or both.

Record-Keeping by Dealers

  • Dealers must keep detailed records including purchaser’s personal details and license numbers.
  • Directors of Constabulary may inspect records and inventories.
  • Refusal to comply breaches bond conditions.

Personal Possession Licensing Requirements

  • Individuals seeking firearms for protection, hunting, or lawful use must apply for a license.
  • Applicants must deposit PHP 100 per firearm or provide a bond of PHP 200.
  • Members of existing gun clubs with licenses exempt from deposits but must maintain bonds.

Certificate of Deposit and Bond Custody

  • Licensees who deposit cash must endorse certificates to Insular Treasurer and submit to licensing officers.
  • Bonds are held by the Director of Constabulary.

Application Procedure for Personal Possession Licenses

  • Manila residents apply through Chief of Police; provincial residents through Governor and Constabulary senior inspector.
  • Governor-General has approval authority; Director of Constabulary issues license upon bond/deposit acceptance.

License Noncompliance and Deposit Forfeiture

  • Failure to comply with laws, license terms, or loss of licensed firearm can result in forfeiture of deposits.
  • Recovery of lost firearms entitles owner to refund.

Change of Domicile Notification

  • License holders must notify Constabulary or police of change of residence within 10 days.
  • Failure may result in license revocation.

Duty to Exhibit License upon Request

  • License holders must present license on demand to authorized government officials or peace officers.
  • Noncompliance may lead to license revocation.

Annual Verification of Firearms Possession

  • Constabulary and Manila police must annually verify firearms possession and report violations.
  • Verification dates are indorsed on licenses.

Exemptions for Official Firearms

  • Provisions do not apply to firearms issued to U.S. military, Constabulary, prison guards, police, and specified officials for official duties.

Special Permits for Government Employees

  • Bureau heads may apply for special permits for subordinates' firearm possession for official protection.

Registration of Government Employees’ Firearms

  • Government employees owning firearms must register them with Constabulary.

Minimum Age for License

  • Firearm licenses are not issued to persons under 21 years except by court authority for minors via guardians.

License Void upon Death or Disability

  • License becomes void upon death or legal disability of holder.
  • Firearms and ammunition must be surrendered immediately.
  • Violators face fines up to PHP 500 or six months imprisonment.

Deposits of Firearms by Owners Not Seeking Licenses

  • Owners unwilling to obtain licenses can deposit firearms/ammunition with Constabulary for safekeeping.
  • Firearms returned upon owner’s departure from the Philippines.

Annulment of Provisional Licenses

  • All provisional licenses are annulled; new licenses issued only under this Act.

Validity of Existing Licenses

  • Previously issued licenses remain valid until stipulated expiration or July 1, 1908.
  • Renewals and bonds continue under this Act’s provisions.

Deposit of Unlicensed Firearms at Ports

  • Arrivals with unlicensed firearms must deposit them with customs collectors.
  • Customs transmit firearms to Constabulary pending license issuance or departure.
  • Tourists allowed to deposit or obtain special hunting permits under Governor-General conditions.

Penalties for Illegal Possession

  • Unauthorized possession of firearms or ammunition punished by fines up to PHP 500 or six months imprisonment.
  • Government may seize and forfeit firearms.

Prohibition on Concealed Deadly Weapons

  • Carrying concealed bowie knives, dirks, daggers, kris, or other deadly weapons is prohibited.
  • Excludes licensed firearms holders.
  • Violations penalized by fines or imprisonment.

Sale or Transfer of Firearms by Government

  • Governor-General may authorize sale or transfer of arms by Constabulary to provincial/municipal governments.
  • Municipal sales require bonds for safekeeping.

Liability for Loss or Disappearance of Firearms

  • Prosecutors must seek recovery of bond amounts where firearms/ammunition are lost.
  • Governor-General may relieve liability if loss is due to force majeure without negligence.
  • New bonds required after municipal elections, canceling old ones.

Disarming Municipal Police

  • Governor-General and provincial governors may disarm municipal police if warranted.
  • Firearms may be taken into Constabulary custody.

Executive Power to Enforce Regulations

  • Governor-General authorized to issue executive orders for Act enforcement.

Repeal of Conflicting Laws

  • Inconsistent prior laws and sections explicitly repealed.

Expedited Enactment and Effectivity

  • Act expedited for immediate effect.
  • Effective December 1, 1907.

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