Title
Amendment of Philippine National Bank Act
Law
Act No. 2747
Decision Date
Feb 20, 1918
Act No. 2747 amends Act No. 2612 to establish the Philippine National Bank as a government-owned entity with the power to make contracts, sue and be sued, and exercise general powers mentioned in the Corporation Law, while also providing regulations for its operation, including the purchase of shares by the government, restrictions on share sales to the public, and the bank's authority to make loans, issue bonds, and establish branches.

Law Summary

Capitalization and Stock Subscription

  • Capital set at 20 million pesos divided into 200,000 shares of 100 pesos each.
  • Payment of shares subscribed is staggered with specific deadlines from 1917 to 1921.
  • Post-1917 subscriptions paid as prescribed by the board of directors.

Government Ownership and Control

  • Government to purchase 101,000 shares at par, payment sourced primarily from Agricultural Bank capital and surplus.
  • Additional shares offered to provincial/municipal governments or public at board-determined price.
  • Government ownership voting managed by a committee of top governmental officials.

Transfer of Agricultural Bank Assets

  • Assets and liabilities of Government Agricultural Bank transferred to Philippine National Bank upon inauguration.
  • Uncollectible loans post-transfer guaranteed by the government, with appropriations made as necessary.

Restrictions on Stock Sales and Inauguration

  • Public share sales restricted to maintain government majority ownership.
  • Inauguration to occur within 180 days after Act’s passage upon certification of readiness.

Loan and Mortgage Provisions

  • Authorized to loan up to 50% of capital and surplus on real estate mortgages for agricultural purposes.
  • Loans secured by first mortgages on farm lands not to exceed 60% of property value; insurance on improvements may be required.
  • Loan terms range from 1 to 30 years with principal and interest installments for terms over 5 years.
  • Strict use of loan proceeds only for purposes stated under oath; violations lead to contract rescission and mortgage foreclosure.

Authorized Financial Operations

  • Purchase and discount of agricultural, industrial, or commercial promissory notes, drafts, and bills.
  • Loans on harvested/stored crops up to 70% market value, requiring insurance and possible additional security.
  • Installment loans to agriculturists based on standing crops up to 60% of estimated value, requiring additional security if deemed necessary.
  • Loans to provincial/municipal governments guaranteed by the Central Government and purchase of government bonds.
  • Loans and discounts are renewable annually with maturities not exceeding one year.

Real Estate Bonds Issuance

  • Bonds issued up to 90% of real estate loans held, engraved, signed by bank president, and authenticated by Insular Auditor.
  • Bonds payable in U.S. gold coin or Philippine lawful money; exempt from Philippine taxes.
  • Bonds secured by deposits of real estate securities with the Philippine Treasurer, including a certificate of deposit on each bond.
  • Bonds are redeemable at par before maturity with lottery redemption provisions and premiums for early redemption.

Circulating Notes

  • Authorized issuance of circulating notes limited to paid-up capital, surplus, and gold coin holdings.
  • Notes payable on demand in lawful money and exempt from taxes.
  • Security and backing for notes include specific securities and cash reserves.
  • Notes acceptable for government tax payments and redeemable at the central office.

Deposit and Deposit Management

  • Obligatory deposit of funds from Insular, provincial, and municipal governments.
  • Interest on deposits capped at 4% per annum.
  • Secretary of Finance may authorize deposits in other solvent banks if deemed in public interest.

Governance and Management Structure

  • Board of directors composed of president (chairman), vice-president, and five elected members.
  • President powers include loan approval limits, contracts, and operational reports.
  • President and vice-president appointed by Governor-General with Senate consent.
  • Other officers appointed by president with board approval for senior positions; not subject to Civil Service Law.

Officer Bonding and Legal Counsel

  • President and vice-president mandated to furnish fidelity bonds.
  • Other officers required to provide fidelity bonds as prescribed.
  • Attorney-General acts as legal counsel; board may hire additional lawyers as needed.

Auditing and Inspection

  • Insular Auditor serves as ex officio auditor with annual reports mandated.
  • Inspection by Insular Treasurer concerning bank solvency.
  • Confidentiality required from inspectors and auditors; disclosure limited to specified public officials or court order.

Compensation and Terms of Office

  • President appointed for six years with 24,000 pesos salary, vice-president with 12,000 pesos.
  • Five directors serve one-year terms with per diem compensation.
  • Stockholders meet annually for board elections.

Board Functions and Reporting

  • Board controls general management, sets interest and discount rates, ensures loan security, and publishes semiannual financial statements.

Branches and Agencies

  • Authorized to create branches in the U.S., Philippines, and other countries.
  • Agency functions include handling Philippine and U.S. government funds, business transactions related to the Philippines, and dealings with U.S. Federal Reserve Banks where lawful.
  • Branch staff appointed and removable as per bank rules; treasurers may act as agents under conditions.

Loan Extensions and Restrictions

  • Permitted to extend existing government-related loans up to 1.5 million pesos for max 5 years.
  • Prohibited from granting loans to board members and branch agents.

Real Estate Ownership and Warehouses

  • Authorized to purchase and hold necessary real estate.
  • Required to sell acquired real estate from debt collection within five years.
  • May erect bonded warehouses for pledged goods.

Mortgage Foreclosure Redemption Rights

  • Mortgagors have one year after foreclosure sale to redeem property by paying court-determined amount plus interest and costs.

Security Depreciation and Loan Enforcement

  • Bank may demand additional security or declare loans due and payable upon security depreciation or nonpayment.
  • Bank may sell securities without notice and apply proceeds against liabilities, returning any surplus.

Deficiency Claims

  • Bank may pursue debtors for deficiency if sale proceeds insufficient but excess proceeds paid to debtor.

Forgery and Prohibited Fees

  • Violations involving forged bank notes or bonds punishable under relevant laws.
  • Prohibition on charging fees or commissions for obtaining loans; violations punishable.

Profit Distribution

  • Net profits allocated 50% to reserve and 50% as dividends.
  • Dividends capped at 12% per annum; surplus transferred to undivided profits.
  • Government’s dividend share paid to Insular Treasury.

Bank Duration and Name Use Restrictions

  • Bank existence established for 50 years, extendable by legislature.
  • Restriction on use of "national" in bank names by unauthorized entities, with penalty for violations.

Regulatory Authority and Repeals

  • Board empowered to adopt operational regulations in line with the Act.
  • Repeal of inconsistent laws or parts.

Penalties

  • Violations of the Act subject to fines up to 10,000 pesos, imprisonment up to 5 years, or both.

Reserve Requirements

  • Specific reserve ratios mandated for circulating notes, demand deposits, and time deposits.
  • Funds held in certain banks may be counted towards reserve requirements with Secretary of Finance approval.

Guarantees and Investments in Industrial Bonds

  • Bank authorized to guarantee bonds of companies related to Philippine industry with government approval.
  • Authorized to purchase such bonds secured by first mortgages limited to 60% of the value of the securing property.

Effectivity

  • The Act took effect upon approval on February 20, 1918.

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