Title
Marine Mollusca Protection Act
Law
Act No. 2604.
Decision Date
Feb 4, 1916
A Philippine law aims to regulate the taking and protection of marine mollusca and their shells in Philippine waters, requiring licenses for taking marine mollusca, imposing restrictions on size and exportation, and establishing penalties for violations.
A

Licensing and Fees for Taking Marine Mollusca

  • Licenses issued by the Collector of Internal Revenue or deputies.
  • Licenses valid for the remainder of the calendar year from issuance.
  • Fees collected go to the provincial treasury where collected.
  • Licensed persons may take marine mollusca anywhere in Philippine waters.

Pearling-Boat License Provisions

  • Issued upon payment for qualifying vessels registered for Philippine coastwise trade.
  • Not issued to persons twice convicted for violations of this Act.

Fee Regulation for Pearling-Boat Licenses

  • The Secretary of the Interior sets fees or graduated fee scales based on vessel characteristics.
  • Fees published at least 60 days before effectivity.
  • Fees capped at four hundred pesos annually.
  • Fees payable quarterly in advance with penalties for delinquency similar to fixed internal revenue taxes.

First-Class Shell Diver's License

  • Authorizes use of submarine armor for mollusca harvesting.
  • Issued by the Collector of Internal Revenue upon fee payment.
  • Not issued to repeat violators.
  • Fee set at ten pesos per year, payable in advance.

Employment and Vessel Record-Keeping

  • Unlicensed divers cannot be employed on licensed pearling boats.
  • Licensed vessels must keep daily records of shells collected.
  • Records subject to inspection by customs or internal revenue officers before shipment or sale.
  • Disposal of shells requires prior inspection and logging.

Restriction on Opening Pearl Oyster Shells

  • Opening shells of the pearl oyster species Margaratifera maxima without owner or lessee permission is unlawful.

Secretary of the Interior's Authority to Close Breeding Grounds

  • Authority to close any shellfish breeding place fully or partially for up to five years.
  • Taking shells or fishing during closures prohibited as per terms.

Minimum Size Regulations

  • Secretary sets minimum sizes for specified species including Margaratifera maxima, Trochos niloticus, Turbo marmoratus, and Margaratifera margaratifera.
  • Taking, selling, transferring, or possessing undersized shells is unlawful.
  • Accidental removal must be followed by immediate return without opening to avoid penalties.

Export and Shipment Restrictions

  • Shipping or exporting shells from named species requires proper customs procedures at ports of entry.

License Quantity and Operation Restrictions

  • Secretary authorized to limit number of licenses or licensees for public interest.
  • Limitations may apply to species or specific geographic zones.
  • Secretary may refuse or cancel licenses if deemed necessary in public interest.
  • Secretary's decisions on these matters are final.

Special Permits for Scientific and Propagation Purposes

  • Secretary may issue permits to unlicensed persons for taking mollusca for science or propagation with conditions.

Exemptions for Traditional and Customary Practices

  • The Act does not prohibit taking properly sized mollusca by naked divers using customary native boats, rafts, rakes, or dredges in open areas.

Rulemaking and Distribution of Regulations

  • Secretary shall promulgate necessary regulations to implement the Act.
  • Collectors of Internal Revenue must provide copies of regulations to licensees.

Penalties for Violations

  • Violations punishable by fines up to one hundred pesos or imprisonment up to one month, or both.
  • Specific fine of five pesos per undersized valve of Margaratifera maxima for related offenses.

Compromise of Cases

  • Collector of Internal Revenue may compromise cases with Secretary's approval.

Definitions

  • "Philippine waters" refers to marine waters of the Philippine Archipelago as defined by treaties between the US and Spain (Dec 10, 1898, and Nov 7, 1900).
  • "Open" areas are beds, banks, or shell-fields not closed by orders from the Secretary of the Interior.

Effectivity

  • The Act took effect immediately upon passage on February 4, 1916.

Analyze Cases Smarter, Faster
Jur helps you analyze cases smarter to comprehend faster, building context before diving into full texts. AI-powered analysis, always verify critical details.