Coverage and parties affected
- The legal rules apply to landlords and tenants in rice lands under Act No. 4054, as amended by Commonwealth Act No. 178.
- The rules govern tenancy contracts between contracting parties and the resulting rights and obligations for landlord-tenant relations on rice lands.
Contract rules and evidentiary effect
- Section 7 governs rules governing tenancy contracts in any tenancy contract mentioned in Act No. 4054.
- Contracting parties are free to enter into any or all kinds of agreements or stipulations in tenancy contracts.
- Freedom to contract is limited to stipulations not contrary to existing laws, customs, morals and public policy.
- A tenancy contract is conclusive evidence of what has been agreed upon between the contracting parties.
- The conclusive nature of the contract is not applied in cases of fraud or error.
- If fraud or error is claimed, stipulations must be denounced or impugned within thirty days from its registration in the office of the municipal treasurer, following Section 5 of Act No. 4054.
Official weights and measures
- Section 15 requires the use of official weights and measures of the Government.
- The requirement applies to all transactions entered into between landlords and tenants on agricultural products.
- The requirement applies whether the transaction involves contracting a debt or making payment of the debt.
Tenant standard of conduct
- Section 23 imposes on the tenant an obligation to cultivate the farm as “a good father of the family.”
- The tenant must do all work necessary to obtain the greatest possible returns from the farm entrusted to him.
- The tenant must perform necessary farm tasks such as proper preparation of the soil and cutting of shrubs and grasses growing on the land.
- The tenant must also do repair of dikes as part of required cultivation.
- The tenant must take reasonable care of work animals delivered by the landlord.
- The tenant is liable for their death or physical incapacity if it results from the tenant’s negligence.
Final provisions and implementation duties
- Section 29 provides that the act applies to relations between landlords and tenants of rice lands only.
- Section 29 sets effectivity through presidential proclamation upon recommendation of the Secretary of Labor, when public interests so require, and specifies municipal dates in the proclamation.
- Once enforced, the act’s effects may be similarly suspended by the same mechanism.
- The act must be translated into local languages of the municipalities where its provisions apply.
- The municipal treasurer concerned must ensure a sufficient number of copies are printed for free distribution to persons who request them.