Title
Candidate bond posting and forfeiture rules
Law
Republic Act No. 4421
Decision Date
Jun 19, 1965
Republic Act No. 4421 introduced a surety bond requirement for candidates and outlined the conditions for bond forfeiture, but was later declared unconstitutional in the case of Masquera v. Borra.

Scope: who must post bond

  • Section 36-A(a) requires all candidates for national, provincial, city and municipal offices to post a surety bond.
  • The bond requirement applies to candidates who filed certificates of candidacy for the concerned office.

Bond amount and payment standard

  • Section 36-A(a) requires the surety bond to be equivalent to the one-year salary or emoluments of the position to which the candidate is running.

Forfeiture rule and the voting threshold

  • Section 36-A(a) provides that the surety bond is forfeited in favor of the national, provincial, city or municipal government concerned.
  • Forfeiture applies when the candidate, except when declared the winner, fails to obtain at least 10% of the votes cast for the office.
  • The forfeiture condition is tied to the candidate’s performance in the election for the office stated in the candidate’s certificate of candidacy.

Numerosity limit on forfeiture trigger

  • Section 36-A(a) limits forfeiture to cases where there are not more than four candidates for the same office.
  • The 10% vote threshold and forfeiture mechanism operate only under the condition that there are not more than four candidates for that office.

Distribution of forfeited bond

  • Section 36-A(a) directs that any forfeited bond shall accrue to the national, provincial, city or municipal government concerned, depending on the level of the office for which the candidate filed.

Winner exception

  • Section 36-A(a) exempts a candidate from forfeiture if the candidate is declared the winner.
  • The winner exception applies even if the candidate would otherwise fail to meet the 10% threshold.

Transitory and separability provisions

  • Section 2 establishes the effective date rule: upon approval.

Analyze Cases Smarter, Faster
Jur helps you analyze cases smarter to comprehend faster, building context before diving into full texts. AI-powered analysis, always verify critical details.