Law Summary
Employment Conditions for Women
- Prohibits employment of women in any shop, factory, commercial or industrial establishment where work requires continuous standing or involves heavy lifting.
- Prohibits employing women between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. in industrial undertakings except for immediate family members of owners/operators.
- Exemptions include:
- Force majeure causing unforeseen, non-recurring work interruptions.
- Secretary of Labor's determination that night work is necessary to preserve perishable raw materials.
- Presidential exemption during national emergencies impacting certain industries.
- Exemptions include:
- Prohibits women working in commercial or non-industrial undertakings (except agriculture) between midnight and 7 a.m., except immediate family members.
- Requires that women engaged in agricultural work at night be given no less than 9 consecutive hours of rest.
- Night work prohibitions do not apply to:
- Women holding responsible managerial or technical positions.
- Women employed in health and welfare services.
- Employers must not discriminate against women employees concerning terms and conditions of employment and must pay equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Prohibitions Against Unlawful Discharge and Protections of Women and Children Employees
- Employers cannot discharge women to prevent them from enjoying benefits related to pregnancy or maternity provisions.
- Employers are prohibited from discharging women due to pregnancy, while on leave or confinement related to pregnancy, or upon return fearing pregnancy recurrence.
- Employers cannot discharge any woman or child for filing complaints or testifying under this Act.
- Employers cannot discharge women or children for any cause not attributable to the employee's fault.
Penalties for Violations
- Violations of the Act carry penalties of:
- Fine between PHP 100 and PHP 5,000.
- Imprisonment from 30 days to 1 year.
- Or both fine and imprisonment, at the Court's discretion.
- If committed by firms or corporations, the manager or person acting as manager is liable.
Implementation and Effectivity
- The Act takes effect immediately upon approval.