Agents of Persons in Authority
- Individuals charged by law, election, or appointment with maintaining public order and protecting life and property (e.g., barrio councilmen, barrio policemen, barangay leaders) are considered agents of persons in authority.
- Persons who assist or come to the aid of persons in authority are likewise deemed agents of persons in authority.
Extension of Authority to Specific Professionals
- For purposes of applying Articles 148 and 151 of the Revised Penal Code, teachers, professors, and persons supervising public or duly recognized private educational institutions are considered persons in authority.
- Lawyers are also included as persons in authority when performing their professional duties or on occasions related to such performance.
Effectivity of the Amendment
- The amendment to Article 152 of the Revised Penal Code becomes effective thirty (30) days after its publication in the Official Gazette following its approval.