Title
Supreme Court
Community-Based Forest Management National Order
Law
Executive Order No. 263
Decision Date
Jul 19, 1995
Community-based forest management is established as the national strategy to ensure sustainable development and social justice in forestland resources, empowering local communities and recognizing indigenous rights through collaborative governance and resource management.

Law Summary

Legal and Constitutional Basis

  • Protection of ecology under 1987 Constitution, Article II, Section 16.
  • Promotion of social justice according to Article II, Section 10.
  • Recognition of indigenous peoples' rights to ancestral domains per Article XIV, Section 17.
  • DENR mandated to manage natural resources sustainably (Executive Order No. 192, 1987).

Policy and Development Framework

  • Philippine Government’s Social Reform Agenda supports community involvement in forest protection.
  • 25-year Master Plan for Forestry Development advocates local community roles and targets 4 million hectares for management under CBFM.
  • Community responsibility for forest conservation is recognized as effective.

Roles and Responsibilities (Section 2)

  • DENR, with its community and provincial offices, coordinates with local governments and DILG.
  • Community needs and aspirations are emphasized, focusing on livelihoods dependent on forestlands.

Tenurial Agreements and Sustainable Practices (Section 3)

  • Organized communities can have long-term access to forestland resources.
  • Access requires environment-friendly, labor-intensive sustainable harvesting.
  • Each community must prepare a site-specific management plan approved by DENR.

Indigenous Peoples Inclusion (Section 4)

  • Indigenous peoples allowed to participate in CBFM, respecting ancestral domain rights and claims.

CBFM Steering Committee (Section 5)

  • Committee headed by DENR, including members from multiple government departments and agencies.
  • Includes representatives from private sector, NGOs, and others as invited.
  • Formulates policies and incentives to support CBFM effectiveness.
  • Members include Assistant Secretaries or bureau/agency heads.

Community Empowerment (Section 6)

  • DENR collaborates with local governments, POs, NGOs, religious groups, business and industry, and other organizations.
  • Ensures community empowerment for implementing CBFM objectives.

Budgeting and Funding (Sections 7, 8, 9)

  • DENR must allocate adequate funds for CBFM targets in budget preparations.
  • Supplementary funding from local and international sources to be sought.
  • Creation of a Community-based Forest Management Special Account (CBFMSA) to finance strategy.
  • Grants and donations may be sourced as CBFMSA funds.
  • Additional funding sources to be determined by the Steering Committee subject to government rules.

Training and Capacity Building (Section 10)

  • DENR to establish training programs with colleges, universities, and organizations.
  • Targets include POs, NGOs, local governments, and government personnel.

Financing Mechanisms (Section 11)

  • Within six months, DENR must create financing systems with government financial institutions (DBP, LBP, GSIS, SSS).
  • Financing to support training, empowerment, enterprise, agroforestry, tree plantations, and alternative livelihoods.

Rulemaking and Implementation (Section 12)

  • DENR Secretary empowered to issue necessary rules, revise existing guidelines.
  • Ensures consistent implementation of CBFM policy.

National Comprehensive Plan Submission (Section 13)

  • DENR Secretary to submit a National Comprehensive Community Forestry Action Plan within six months.
  • Plan includes short, medium, and long-term strategies.
  • Approval from CBFM Steering Committee required before submission.

Repeal of Inconsistent Issuances (Section 14)

  • All previous executive and administrative orders inconsistent with this Order are repealed or amended accordingly.

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