QuestionsQuestions (EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 242)
It is issued pursuant to Republic Act No. 207, which empowers the President (within two years from its approval) to appoint and commission Reserve Officers into the Regular Force and to prescribe rules and regulations for such appointments.
Generally, appointments and commissions into the Regular Force are in the grades of first lieutenant, captain, and major (and equivalent grades in the Naval Patrol). The Chief of Staff determines how many officers are appointed or assigned per arm/branch/service.
Must be a Philippine citizen; at least 25 years of age on May 28, 1948; of good moral character; physically fit for general military service; have passed an examination prescribed by order of the Secretary of National Defense; and on or before May 28, 1948, must have honorably rendered at least one year of active service as a commissioned officer in the Army/Armed Forces of the Philippines, any duly recognized guerrilla unit component, or the Army of the United States.
The total period of active commissioned service up to May 28, 1948 in the specified forces is credited; an additional fraction of a year amounting to six months or more counts as a complete year.
Each Air Corps officer who was a flying cadet on or after December 8, 1941 is given additional credit equivalent to one year of active commissioned service for every two years spent as a flying cadet.
Reserve Officers are placed in the promotion list according to their total active commissioned service ranges (e.g., 12+ years are placed at the bottom below certain PMA graduate categories; 11 to <12 placed immediately above 1940 graduates; 10 to <11 placed at bottom below 1940 grads; and so on down to 4 to <6).
He is appointed in the grade equal to the grade of the officer above whom he is placed.
With 4 to <6 years: appointed as first lieutenant; with 6 to <8: appointed as captain; with 8+ years: appointed as major.
With less than 7 years: first lieutenant; with 7 to <10 years: captain; with 10+ years: major.
With 4 to <7 years: lieutenant junior grade or first lieutenant; with 7 to <11 years: lieutenant or captain; with 11+ years: lieutenant commander or major.
Seniority is determined by active commissioned service in the Army/Armed Forces of the Philippines; if identical, order is determined by seniority in age; if both service length and age are identical, order of rank is determined by officers’ educational and military preparation.
No such Reserve Officer may be senior to any of his Academy classmates.
A Reserve Officer who, by roster position or length of service, qualifies for certain grades cannot be appointed if he is older than specified ages as of May 28, 1948 (for first lieutenant/lieutenant junior grade: over 35; for captain/lieutenant: over 40 on May 28, 1918 in the text; for major/lieutenant commander: over 45 on May 28, 1948).
For Air Corps: qualifying for first lieutenant if over 30 on May 28, 1948; qualifying for captain if over 34 on May 28, 1948; qualifying for major if over 41 on May 28, 1948.
All appointments are probationary for one year. During this period, the President may revoke the appointment of an officer found unfit for his commission upon recommendation of the Secretary of National Defense.
The appointee is deemed permanently appointed and commissioned to the Regular Force as of the date of his probationary appointment.
A Reserve Officer with a temporary grade at appointment is not reduced to the permanent grade in the Regular Force solely by virtue of the appointment.
No Reserve Officer who has once resigned his commission in the Regular or Reserve Force may be appointed under this Order, except if the resignation was for the purpose of accepting appointment into the Regular Force pursuant to this Order, or if the Secretary of National Defense specifically determined that the resignation was justifiable.
The Secretary of National Defense prescribes the regulations and procedures for selection and appointment. The Order takes effect immediately and continues until the expiration of the two-year period under Republic Act No. 207.