QuestionsQuestions (EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 601)
Reserve officers appointed and commissioned under Republic Act No. 645 and EO 601 may be appointed in the grades of first lieutenant, captain, and major (and equivalent grades in the Navy).
The total number shall not exceed 150 for the First Period (July 1, 1952–June 30, 1953); not exceed 50 for the Second Period (July 1, 1953–June 30, 1954); and not exceed 50 for the Third Period (July 1, 1954–June 30, 1955).
He must be a citizen of the Philippines, of good moral character, and physically fit for general military service.
On July 1 of the period of appointment: (1) at least 2 years of active commissioned service for the Medical Corps, Dental Corps, and Judge Advocate General’s Service; or (2) at least 4 years of active commissioned service for all other branches (including service in any AFP guerrilla unit recognized as a component, or prior to July 4, 1946 in the US Armed Forces).
One-half of the length of such flying cadet service is credited as active commissioned service.
Their placement is inserted according to their total period of active commissioned service as of May 28, 1952 (subject to specified exceptions in the Order).
EO 601 provides detailed placement rules by bracketed lengths of active commissioned service on May 28, 1952—e.g., those with 16+ years are placed below the officers previously bottomed off lists for specific PMA graduation years, and shorter-service brackets are placed progressively lower based on prior lists and categories under earlier laws.
In the Air Force, a rated airplane pilot is senior to a non-pilot where both have identical commissioned service. If both are pilots (or both are non-pilots) with identical commissioned service, seniority is based on educational and military preparation.
Seniority is determined by active commissioned service in the AFP; if identical, order of rank is based on seniority in age; if both service and age are identical, then by officers’ educational and military preparation.
No. EO 601 provides that notwithstanding Sections 5 and 6, no reserve officer appointed under EO 601 shall be senior to any officer previously appointed under RA 207/RA 573/EO 242 (as amended) or under RA 645/EO 601 who, on the appointment date, has an equal or a longer period of active commissioned service.
Appointments are probationary for one year. If found unfit, the President may revoke the appointment upon recommendation of the Secretary of National Defense during the probation period. If the appointee completes probation and no revocation steps are taken, he is deemed permanently appointed and commissioned as of the date of the probationary appointment.
The probationary period for those appointed in the Third Period shall not extend beyond July 1, 1955.
No reserve officer who once resigned his commission in the Regular or Reserve Force may be appointed again under EO 601, except: (1) for accepting an appointment in the Regular Force pursuant to EO 601; or (2) when the Secretary of National Defense specifically determines that the resignation was justifiable.
A reserve officer appointed under EO 601 who was formerly a PMA cadet but was not graduated from PMA shall not be senior to his classmates who graduated. Likewise, an Air Force reserve officer formerly an aviation cadet but not graduated from the AFP flying school shall not be senior to his classmates who graduated.
The Secretary of National Defense shall prescribe the regulations and procedures for the selection and appointment of reserve officers in the Regular Force, consistent with EO 601’s provisions.
EO 601 takes effect as of July 1, 1952 and continues until the expiration of the three-year period prescribed in Republic Act No. 645.