Question & AnswerQ&A (Republic Act No. 11054)
Republic Act No. 11054 shall be known as the "Organic Law for the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao."
Those who, at the advent of the Spanish colonization, were considered natives or original inhabitants of Mindanao and the Sulu archipelago and its adjacent islands, whether of mixed or full blood, have the right to identify themselves, their spouses and descendants, as Bangsamoro.
The political entity is known as the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, referred to as the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region.
It is the land mass as well as the waters over which the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region has jurisdiction. It is an integral, indivisible, and inseparable part of the national territory of the Republic of the Philippines as defined by the Constitution and existing laws.
It consists of: (a) The present Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao; (b) Certain municipalities in Lanao del Norte; (c) 39 barangays in six municipalities in North Cotabato; (d) The City of Cotabato; (e) The City of Isabela in Basilan; and (f) Other contiguous areas with resolutions or petitions for inclusion.
The Bangsamoro Autonomous Region shall have a democratic political system with a parliamentary form of government.
The Parliament has legislative authority over matters within the powers and competencies of the Bangsamoro Government, the power to set policies, enact laws, call for referenda, conduct inquiries, regulate regional franchises, and discipline members among others.
The executive function and authority is exercised by the Cabinet headed by the Chief Minister who is elected by the Parliament.
They must be a Filipino citizen, at least 25 years old on election day, able to read and write, and a registered voter in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region. Youth representatives must be 18 to 30 years old. District representatives must be registered voters and residents of their district for at least one year before election day.
The Bangsamoro Government has fiscal autonomy which includes the power to create sources of revenue, levy taxes, fees and charges subject to the Organic Law and constitutionally consistent principles. They receive an annual block grant, shares from natural resource revenues, and other funding sources listed in the law.
Revenues fully pertain to the Bangsamoro Government with apportionment as follows: 30% to the Bangsamoro Government; 20% to the provinces; 15% to the cities; 20% to the municipalities; and 15% to the barangays. Indigenous peoples have an equitable share within their ancestral domains.
A justice system conforming with the Constitution, Shari'ah (Islamic law) applicable exclusively to Muslims, and traditional or tribal laws applicable to indigenous peoples. Shari'ah courts are established for Muslim personal, family, property, and certain criminal matters.
The Wali serves as the ceremonial head of the Bangsamoro Government with duties such as opening sessions of the Parliament, administering oaths of office, and dissolving the Parliament upon advice of the Chief Minister after a vote of no confidence.
It is the interim government of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region during the transition period after ratification of the Organic Law, composed of 80 members appointed by the President to exercise legislative and executive powers until the election of the first Parliament.
Within 72 hours, the Chief Minister shall advise the Wali to dissolve the Parliament and call for a new parliamentary election to be held within 120 days. The Chief Minister and Cabinet remain in office until a new government is elected.