Question & AnswerQ&A (EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 138)
The two categories of promotion lists for Reserve Officers are: (a) Active, and (b) Inactive.
When an officer in the inactive status is called to active duty, his name shall be transferred from the inactive list to the appropriate promotion list of officers on active duty as per the regulations.
The relative seniority of Reserve Officers appointed on or prior to May 6, 1942, and established under Executive Order No. 260, series of 1957, shall not be affected by Executive Order No. 138.
Seniority is determined first by length of active service in the permanent grade; if the same, by total active commissioned service; if still the same, by original appointment date; and if not covered by these, by age.
To be promoted to Captain, an officer must have completed four (4) years as First Lieutenant, including both inactive and active service.
An inactive Reserve Officer can be promoted if there is a vacancy beyond active list authorizations, has completed the required time in grade, has fulfilled active service or training requirements, and meets the age grouping and other criteria set forth in the Order.
Officers exceeding the age limit for the Third Reserve remain in the inactive list and can still be eligible for promotion until they reach compulsory retirement age, after which their names are removed from the list.
Yes, provided the new grade is not higher than contemporaries on active duty, the officer demonstrates ability and competence, passes physical and mental exams, and is not called to extended active duty within one year except in war or emergency.
Reserve Officers are automatically separated upon death, resignation, or approved administrative or court-martial action, including physical unfitness, misconduct, conviction of crime involving moral turpitude, loss of citizenship, among others.
The death must be officially reported by the Commander of the Major Service to the Chief of Staff, AFP, including place, date, and circumstances; military personnel are encouraged to report any such deaths to the nearest military installation.