QuestionsQuestions (EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 10)
It prescribes rules controlling seniority among commissioned officers in the active elements of the military forces and governs the promotion of all officers below the grade of colonel.
Yes. Regular officers shall take precedence over reserve officers of like grade.
After the initial establishment of a Regular Officer Corps, the Chief of Staff prepares an initial seniority list of all officers then commissioned. Once approved by the President, the list permanently establishes their relative seniority, subject to specific exceptions directed by the President.
Officers of the Philippine Constabulary and of the Philippine Army shall occupy the same relative standing among themselves as that obtaining at the time of transfer, subject to specific exceptions directed by the President.
Seniority in such grade is established according to total length of service therein, except an Army officer may suffer loss of seniority due to an approved sentence of a court martial.
The Chief of Staff causes changes to be entered on the approved seniority list. Corrected, it is published to the Army at least once each year.
The number of officers maintained in each grade above first lieutenant is regulated by law; promotion to these grades may be made only when the number of officers commissioned therein becomes less than that legally authorized.
No. Promotion shall not operate to change the arm or service in which an officer may be commissioned.
Third lieutenants are promoted to second lieutenant upon completion of two (2) years commissioned service, and second lieutenants are promoted to first lieutenant upon completion of five (5) years commissioned service.
If, in the opinion of the Chief of Staff, the officer fails to demonstrate satisfactory qualifications, the officer’s name and record are presented to the Promotion Eligibility Board for consideration as to retention. If the Board finds service/qualifications unsatisfactory and reports to the President, upon approval the officer is discharged.
They are filled by promotion of the senior officer in the grade next below, except that no officer may be promoted whose name is not borne on the promotion eligible list.
He shall be passed over, and the next senior officer whose name is borne on the eligible list shall be promoted. After expiration of accrued leave, the passed-over officer is separated from the active list.
Upon request, he may be transferred in grade and in the same branch or service to the Reserve Force. He is thereafter eligible for promotion in the Reserve Force subject to the same examination, tests, and conditions prescribed by regulations or law.
Unless the Board finds separation is due to the officer’s misconduct or willful failure, he is entitled either: (1) a cash bonus of one month base and longevity pay per complete year for total commissioned active Constabulary/Army service of less than ten years; or (2) if ten years or more, he may elect either the same cash bonus or retired pay equal to 1.5% of base and longevity pay multiplied by the number of complete years of service.
It is appointed annually by the President. It consists of five members, at least four active Army officers not below colonel; the remaining member may be a retired colonel-or-higher officer or a civilian not holding any government position.
No civilian may serve more than once. Not more than one military member may serve on two successive Boards; and any member who serves on two successive Boards may not serve on another Board within three years.
Neither the Chief of Staff nor the Deputy Chief of Staff may serve on any Board. The Chief of Staff furnishes the seniority list, vacancy estimates, office supplies, clerical assistance, and the complete official records of officers, excluding documents not emanating from properly constituted military or civil superiors.
The Board weighs professional efficiency, experience, accomplishments, attitude, ability, and character/general value to the Government. No weight shall attach to any political, social, financial, or other non-military factor.
If the Board omits an officer previously found qualified, it submits a special report to the President explaining the reasons. The officer may appeal in writing to the President through the Chief of Staff, with supporting documentary evidence; the President’s decision is final.
Names reported eligible by the Board constitute the promotion eligibility lists, which are published to the service and remain unchanged during the calendar year to which they apply.