QuestionsQuestions (Act No. 3630)
If the court finds that the applicant or adverse claimant has title as stated in the application/adverse claim and it is proper for registration, it shall enter a decree of confirmation and registration.
Every decree of registration binds the land and quiets title thereto, subject only to the exceptions stated in the following section.
It is conclusive upon and against all persons, including the insular government and all its branches, whether mentioned by name or included in the general description 'To all whom it may concern.'
No. The decree shall not be opened on account of the absence, infancy, or other disability of any person affected.
It is the period within one year after entry of the decree during which a person deprived of land or estate/interest by fraud may file a petition for review in the competent Court of First Instance.
If an innocent purchaser for value has already acquired an interest, the decree of registration shall not be opened, but remains in full force and effect forever, subject only to the right of appeal provided.
The decree will not be opened, but the person may pursue remedies as allowed—particularly, where cancellation/annulment is barred, he may seek damages for fraud against the applicant or other responsible persons.
He may pursue his remedy by an action for damages against the applicant or any other person for fraud in procuring the decree.
Whenever the phrase 'innocent purchaser for value' (or equivalent) occurs, it includes an innocent lessee, mortgagee, or other encumbrancer for value.
Generally, no—absence does not open the decree. Opening is constrained to the fraud petition filed within the one-year period, and further limited if an innocent purchaser for value has acquired an interest.
The decree binds and quiets title subject only to the exceptions stated in the following section, meaning conclusiveness is not absolute beyond those statutory exceptions.
It supports the rule that the decree is conclusive even against persons not specifically named, as they are considered included within the general description.
It takes effect on its approval.