QuestionsQuestions (PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 942)
It aims to restore peace and normalcy by strengthening the campaign against subversion, specifically by increasing penalties for crimes against public order and treating certain other acts committed in the course of such crimes as distinct offenses with graver penalties.
PD No. 942 amended Articles 135, 136, 137, 138, 140, 141, and 142 of Act No. 3815 (the Revised Penal Code), and added Article 142-A.
A person who promotes, maintains, or heads a rebellion or insurrection; or who, while holding public office or employment, takes part in engaging in war against the forces of the Government; destroying property or committing serious violence; exacting contributions; or diverting public funds from lawful purposes. A participant can also be deemed a leader if under unknown leadership he in fact directed others, spoke for them, signed receipts/documents issued in their name, or performed similar acts on behalf of the rebels.
Reclusion temporal in its minimum period.
Prision mayor in its maximum period and a fine not exceeding 5,000 pesos.
Prision mayor in its medium period and a fine not exceeding 2,000 pesos.
When public officers or employees failed to resist a rebellion by all means in their power, or continue discharging duties under the control of the rebels, or accept appointment to office under them.
Any person who, without taking arms or being in open hostility against the Government, incites others to execute any of the acts specified in Article 134 by means of speeches, proclamations, writings, emblems, banners, or other representations.
Reclusion temporal in its minimum period.
The leader is punished with reclusion temporal in its minimum period and a fine not exceeding 10,000 pesos; other persons participating are punished with prision mayor in its maximum period and fine not exceeding 5,000 pesos.
Prision mayor in its medium period and a fine not exceeding 2,000 pesos.
Inciting others through speeches, proclamations, writings, emblems, cartoons, banners, or other representations to accomplish acts constituting sedition; uttering seditious words or speeches; writing, publishing, or circulating scurrilous libels against the Government or duly constituted authorities; disturbing/obstructing lawful officers; instigating unlawful cabals and meetings; instigating rebellious conspiracies or riots; stirring the people against lawful authorities; disturbing peace/safety/order; and knowingly concealing such evil practices.
Prision mayor in its maximum period and a fine not exceeding 2,000 pesos.
If, by reason or on the occasion of crimes penalized in the chapter, acts constituting offenses with graver penalties are committed, the penalty for the most serious offense in its maximum period shall be imposed on the offender.
Upon promulgation.