G.R. No. L-45667 - Borja vs. Mendoza

Accusation Initiated
Manuel Borja was accused of slight physical injuries.
Trial in Absentia
Judge Romulo R. Senining of the City Court of Cebu conducted a trial in absentia without arraigning Borja.
Conviction and Sentencing
On August 18, 1976, Borja was found guilty and sentenced to twenty days of arresto menor.
Appeal Filed
Borja appealed the decision to the Court of First Instance of Cebu, presided by Judge Rafael T. Mendoza.
Decision Without Notice
On November 16, 1976, Judge Mendoza affirmed the City Court's judgment without notifying Borja or requiring a memorandum from him.
Claim of Due Process Violation
Borja contended that the lack of arraignment violated his constitutional right to procedural due process.
Right to be Informed
Borja argued that he was not informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against him.
Right to Counsel
Borja asserted his right to be heard by himself and counsel was denied during the proceedings.
Solicitor General's Comment
The Solicitor General agreed that the procedural defect rendered the City Court's decision void.
Importance of Arraignment
The Court emphasized that arraignment is essential for informing the accused of the charges ...continue reading