Title
Supreme Court
Santos vs. Bernardo
Case
A.M. No. MTJ-07-1670
Decision Date
Jul 23, 2008
Judge Bernardo found guilty of gross ignorance for bypassing preliminary investigation in a coercion case; fined P20,000. Impropriety, bias claims dismissed.

Case Summary (A.M. No. MTJ-07-1670)

Allegations Against Respondent

Complainants Santos and Andres filed their verified Affidavit-Complaint on February 9, 2006, alleging that Judge Bernardo engaged in several improper behaviors. They claimed that he misused government resources by allowing his girlfriend, referred to as "Boots," to use the judge's chambers for personal leisure, thus violating Rule 2.01 of the Code of Judicial Conduct. This behavior allegedly affected his judicial duties, as he was seen attending to personal matters rather than focusing on court proceedings, leading to an environment that could cast doubt on the impartiality of judicial processes.

Manifest Bias and Partiality

The complainants further contended that Judge Bernardo exhibited manifest bias and partiality by hastily allowing the filing of criminal charges against them as retaliation for Atty. Santos's request for his inhibition in related cases. They asserted that he failed to conduct a preliminary investigation, an essential procedural step, which would have afforded them the opportunity to challenge the validity of the claims against them. Notably, it was alleged that the evidence on which the complaint was based was hearsay, undermining the procedural integrity of the case.

Grave Abuse of Discretion

Judge Bernardo's actions were also characterized as grave abuse of discretion due to his failure to conduct a mandatory preliminary investigation before the filing of the criminal complaint, despite the serious potential penalties tied to the offense of grave coercion, with a maximum of six years imprisonment. Such failure is expressly mandated under the Revised Rules on Criminal Procedure.

Respondent's Defense

In his defense, Judge Bernardo filed a comment on April 11, 2006, claiming that the accusations against him lacked merit and were based on hearsay. He argued that his wife, "Boots," was only present in the chambers due to health reasons and that her activities were not improper. He also presented commendations to bolster his reputation, suggesting that the accusations were part of a personal vendetta against him by the complainants.

Assessment of Procedural Compliance

The Office of the Court Administrator (OCA) found Judge Bernardo administratively liable for gross ignorance of the law, stating that he did not adhere to the procedural rules surrounding preliminary investigations. The ruling clarified that the necessity for a preliminary investigation hinges on the penalties associated with the crime charged, not those later determined. The OCA recommend

...continue reading

Analyze Cases Smarter, Faster
Jur is a legal research platform serving the Philippines with case digests and jurisprudence resources. AI digests are study aids only—use responsibly.