Title
Republic vs. Plan
Case
G.R. No. L-38197
Decision Date
Aug 23, 1978
BIR assessed Africano for excess logging, levied his property; CFI claimed jurisdiction, but Supreme Court ruled CTA has exclusive jurisdiction, dismissing Africano's complaint.

Case Summary (G.R. No. 149454)

Case Background

The Republic of the Philippines engaged in this certiorari proceeding against Judge Andres B. Plan following his denial of a plea for dismissal based on jurisdictional grounds concerning a complaint by private respondent Jose A. Africano. The complaint arose from an assessment of P13,403.94 imposed by the Collector of Internal Revenue for logs cut by Africano beyond the limits of his timber license. This led to the distraint and sale of Africano's property at a public auction after subsequent legal actions.

Jurisdictional Issues

The petitioner, the Republic, argued that the proper jurisdiction lay with the Court of Tax Appeals, not the Court of First Instance where the complaint was filed. The assertion was supported by a long-standing precedent established in the case of Good Day Trading v. Board of Tax Appeals, which declared that the Court of Tax Appeals has exclusive appellate jurisdiction over matters involving disputed tax assessments, refunds, and penalties under the National Internal Revenue Code. Despite this, Judge Plan ruled that his court possessed jurisdiction over the matter.

Precedential Legal Framework

The decision emphasized the exclusive nature of the jurisdiction of the Court of Tax Appeals, as reiterated in various cases such as Millarez v. Amparo and Ollada v. Court of Tax Appeals. The ruling from Ledesma v. Court of Tax Appeals further clarified that the establishment of the Court of Tax Appeals through Republic Act No. 1125 aimed to consolidate all tax-related disputes within that court, thereby excluding ordinary courts from such matters.

Court's Rationale

Given the repeated confirmations of exclusive jurisdiction by prior rulings, the court found that the respondent Judge Plan acted beyond his legal capacities in continuing to entertain the complaint. The Republic's articulation of the issue demonstrated clear infringement on establ

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